Chapter 12 pt. 1 Flashcards
Biological criminology began with ____________, who tried to link criminal behavior to facial features.
physiognomists
Franz Gall was one of the earliest Western scholars in the field of human _______ and _________.
anatomy
physiology
_____ _____ was one of the earliest Western scholars in the field of human anatomy and physiology.
Franz Gall
Franz Gall was a phrenologist who looked at _____ structure
skull
_____ _____ was a phrenologist who looked at skull structure
Franz Gall
Franz Gall identified ___ centers in the brain with __ main categories.
36
3
_____ _____ identified 36 centers in the brain with 3 main categories.
Franz Gall
What are the three main categories of the human mind, according to Franz Gall?
(1) love of humanity/world/loved ones
(2) intellectual and rational parts
(3) animalistic
According to Ernest Hooton (1939), criminals were biologically _______ to “normals”.
inferior
According to Ernest Hooton (1939), criminals were biologically inferior to “_______”.
normals
According to _______ _______ (1939), criminals were biologically inferior to “normals”.
Ernest Hooton
Evolution of Hooton’s work by Montague/Merton argued that criminals showed signs of ________ ___________.
advanced homosapiens
Who established the basic idea that one’s biological structure determines our behavior?
body-type theorists, who believed that there is a criminal link due to the casual connection between particular body types and a particular temperament
What is the difference between the endomorphic and ectomorphic body types?
(1) endomorphic- soft round physique
(2) ectomorphic- lean, fragile, small, guided by nervous system
_________ theories can be a “self-fulfilling prophecy”.
Biological
Biological theories can be a “____-________ ________”.
self-fulfilling prophecy
According to Sheldon and Gleuck’s study, the __________ body-type has less crime.
mesomorphic
What is the mesomorphic body-type?
a person with a compact and muscular body type
Both ________ and ________ are basic neurotransmitters of electrical impulses within the brain that are associated with information processing and antisocial behavior
dopamine
serotonin
What does dopamine trigger?
(1) sensation seeking behavior
(2) avoidance of something unpleasant
(3) the ability to experience pleasure and pain
Serotonin is found in ________ _______ and ________.
impulsive behaviors
aggression
_________ is found in impulsive behaviors and aggression.
Serotonin
