Chapter 11 Flashcards
Who is the founding member of the Positive School of Criminology?
Cesare Lombroso (1835)
Cesare Lombroso was an _______ ________ and former ________.
Italian positivist
surgeon
_______ _________ was an Italian positivist and former surgeon.
Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso founded “________”.
atavists
_______ _________ founded “atavists”.
Cesare Lombroso
What is an “atavists”?
subhumans that were a biological throwback or reversion to our caveman ancestors
What are the characteristics of “atavists”?
(1) excessive hair
(2) huge foreheads
(3) big jaws
(4) swollen lips
(5) bull-leggedness
(6) hunch-backs
(7) flared nostrils
(8) asymmetrical face
(9) beady and deep-set eyes
Who did Lombroso take influence from?
Charles Darwin’s idea of origin of species
According to Lombroso, what are the three types of criminals?
(1) Born Criminal
(2) Insane Criminal
(3) Criminaloid
What is the born criminals’ characteristics?
exhibits the traits of “atavists”
What is the insane criminals’ characteristics?
low intelligence and serious psychological problems/degeneracy
What is the criminaloids’ characteristics?
- no physical stigmata or signs of psychological degeneracy
- engages in criminal behavior due to situational and environmental factors
What is the most common type of criminal, according to Lombroso?
criminaloid
_______ _________ was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “biological structure determines social function”.
Cesare Lombroso
Cesare Lombroso was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “__________ ________ determines _______ ________”.
biological structure
social function
Cesare Lombroso established the value of ______-_______ ___________ for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.
multi-faceted explanations
_______ _________ established the value of multi-faceted explanations for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.
Cesare Lombroso
Who were Cesare Lombroso’s students?
(1) Enrico Ferri (1856-1909)
(2) Raffaele Garofalo (1852-1934
What was Enrico Ferri’s major contributions?
- his critique of the classical notion of “free will”
- his scientific investigation of the interrelationships between social, economic, and political factors and crime