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Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the founding member of the Positive School of Criminology?

A

Cesare Lombroso (1835)

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2
Q

Cesare Lombroso was an _______ ________ and former ________.

A

Italian positivist

surgeon

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3
Q

_______ _________ was an Italian positivist and former surgeon.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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4
Q

Cesare Lombroso founded “________”.

A

atavists

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5
Q

_______ _________ founded “atavists”.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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6
Q

What is an “atavists”?

A

subhumans that were a biological throwback or reversion to our caveman ancestors

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of “atavists”?

A

(1) excessive hair
(2) huge foreheads
(3) big jaws
(4) swollen lips
(5) bull-leggedness
(6) hunch-backs
(7) flared nostrils
(8) asymmetrical face
(9) beady and deep-set eyes

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8
Q

Who did Lombroso take influence from?

A

Charles Darwin’s idea of origin of species

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9
Q

According to Lombroso, what are the three types of criminals?

A

(1) Born Criminal
(2) Insane Criminal
(3) Criminaloid

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10
Q

What is the born criminals’ characteristics?

A

exhibits the traits of “atavists”

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11
Q

What is the insane criminals’ characteristics?

A

low intelligence and serious psychological problems/degeneracy

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12
Q

What is the criminaloids’ characteristics?

A
  • no physical stigmata or signs of psychological degeneracy

- engages in criminal behavior due to situational and environmental factors

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13
Q

What is the most common type of criminal, according to Lombroso?

A

criminaloid

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14
Q

_______ _________ was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “biological structure determines social function”.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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15
Q

Cesare Lombroso was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “__________ ________ determines _______ ________”.

A

biological structure

social function

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16
Q

Cesare Lombroso established the value of ______-_______ ___________ for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.

A

multi-faceted explanations

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17
Q

_______ _________ established the value of multi-faceted explanations for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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18
Q

Who were Cesare Lombroso’s students?

A

(1) Enrico Ferri (1856-1909)

(2) Raffaele Garofalo (1852-1934

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19
Q

What was Enrico Ferri’s major contributions?

A
  • his critique of the classical notion of “free will”

- his scientific investigation of the interrelationships between social, economic, and political factors and crime

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20
Q

According to Ferri, what are three major criminogenic (crime causing) factors?

A

(1) physical environment
(2) anthropological attributes
(3) social factors

21
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) physical environment of this?

A

an area’s structural attributes
climate/temperature
geographical location

22
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) anthropological attributes of this?

A
  • age
  • sex
  • race
  • (bodily) physical structure
23
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) social factors of this?

A
  • population density
  • cultural traditions
  • religion
  • nature of the government
  • economic conditions
24
Q

What are some of Enrico Ferri’s liberal ideas?

A

(1) free trade
(2) abolition of monopolies
(3) redistribution of wealth
(4) birth control
(5) freedom of divorce/marriage
(6) public assistance/recreation

25
________ ________ argued that society must eliminate those who have shown that they cannot adapt to civilized life.
Raffaele Garofalo
26
Raffaele Garofalo argued that society must ________ those who have shown that they cannot _____ to civilized life.
eliminate | adapt
27
________ _________ supported the death penalty or policies of segregation (deportation and/or isolation) to keep criminals from the gene pool.
Raffaele Garofalo
28
Raffaele Garofalo supported the ______ _______ or policies of __________ (deportation and/or isolation) to keep criminals from the gene pool.
death penalty | segregation
29
Raffaele Garofalo believed in ___________ __________.
psychological degeneracy
30
________ _________ believed in psychological degeneracy.
Raffaele Garofalo
31
According to Garofalo, what are the sources/determinants of crime?
(1) lower intellectual abilities | (2) psychological pathology/degeneracy
32
Aside from Lombroso, who was Raffaele Garofalo influenced by?
Darwin’s law of adaption and the principle of the survival of the fittest
33
Who referenced Garofalo's work and views during World War II?
Nazi and Fascist regimes of Germany and Italy
34
Cesare Lombroso set into motion the idea that your _________ ________ determines crime.
biological structure
35
_______ _________ set into motion the idea that your biological structure determines crime.
Cesare Lombroso
36
According to Lombroso, biological structure determines ______ _______.
social function
37
____% of criminals have some type of psychological problem.
25%
38
Enrico Ferri believed in crime control through "______ _________".
social betterment
39
______ _____ believed in crime control through "social betterment".
Enrico Ferri
40
What two types of marriages did Enrico Ferri advocate?
(1) childless | (2) child with marriage
41
_______ countries tend to have high homicide rates.
Catholic
42
Why do Catholic countries tend to have high homicide rates?
Could be due to laws against divorce
43
Raffaelle Garofalo, believed in _______ _____ type of government, in which you let things take it's course.
laissez faire
44
________ ________, believed in laissez faire type of government, in which you let things take it's course.
Raffaelle Garofalo
45
Which of Lombroso's students was into fascism?
Raffaelle Garofalo
46
Garofalo believed criminals were _____.
dumb
47
Garofalo argued for __________.
sterilization
48
Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri, and Raffaelle Garofalo all believed in __________.
determinism

Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology (47 decks)

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