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Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

1
Q

Who is the founding member of the Positive School of Criminology?

A

Cesare Lombroso (1835)

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2
Q

Cesare Lombroso was an _______ ________ and former ________.

A

Italian positivist

surgeon

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3
Q

_______ _________ was an Italian positivist and former surgeon.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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4
Q

Cesare Lombroso founded “________”.

A

atavists

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5
Q

_______ _________ founded “atavists”.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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6
Q

What is an “atavists”?

A

subhumans that were a biological throwback or reversion to our caveman ancestors

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of “atavists”?

A

(1) excessive hair
(2) huge foreheads
(3) big jaws
(4) swollen lips
(5) bull-leggedness
(6) hunch-backs
(7) flared nostrils
(8) asymmetrical face
(9) beady and deep-set eyes

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8
Q

Who did Lombroso take influence from?

A

Charles Darwin’s idea of origin of species

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9
Q

According to Lombroso, what are the three types of criminals?

A

(1) Born Criminal
(2) Insane Criminal
(3) Criminaloid

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10
Q

What is the born criminals’ characteristics?

A

exhibits the traits of “atavists”

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11
Q

What is the insane criminals’ characteristics?

A

low intelligence and serious psychological problems/degeneracy

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12
Q

What is the criminaloids’ characteristics?

A
  • no physical stigmata or signs of psychological degeneracy

- engages in criminal behavior due to situational and environmental factors

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13
Q

What is the most common type of criminal, according to Lombroso?

A

criminaloid

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14
Q

_______ _________ was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “biological structure determines social function”.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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15
Q

Cesare Lombroso was the first person to systematically develop the idea that “__________ ________ determines _______ ________”.

A

biological structure

social function

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16
Q

Cesare Lombroso established the value of ______-_______ ___________ for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.

A

multi-faceted explanations

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17
Q

_______ _________ established the value of multi-faceted explanations for criminal behavior by examining how a wide variety of social and environmental factors.

A

Cesare Lombroso

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18
Q

Who were Cesare Lombroso’s students?

A

(1) Enrico Ferri (1856-1909)

(2) Raffaele Garofalo (1852-1934

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19
Q

What was Enrico Ferri’s major contributions?

A
  • his critique of the classical notion of “free will”

- his scientific investigation of the interrelationships between social, economic, and political factors and crime

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20
Q

According to Ferri, what are three major criminogenic (crime causing) factors?

A

(1) physical environment
(2) anthropological attributes
(3) social factors

21
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) physical environment of this?

A

an area’s structural attributes
climate/temperature
geographical location

22
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) anthropological attributes of this?

A
  • age
  • sex
  • race
  • (bodily) physical structure
23
Q

What are some examples (Enrico Ferri’s) social factors of this?

A
  • population density
  • cultural traditions
  • religion
  • nature of the government
  • economic conditions
24
Q

What are some of Enrico Ferri’s liberal ideas?

A

(1) free trade
(2) abolition of monopolies
(3) redistribution of wealth
(4) birth control
(5) freedom of divorce/marriage
(6) public assistance/recreation

25
Q

________ ________ argued that society must eliminate those who have shown that they cannot adapt to civilized life.

A

Raffaele Garofalo

26
Q

Raffaele Garofalo argued that society must ________ those who have shown that they cannot _____ to civilized life.

A

eliminate

adapt

27
Q

________ _________ supported the death penalty or policies of segregation (deportation and/or isolation) to keep criminals from the gene pool.

A

Raffaele Garofalo

28
Q

Raffaele Garofalo supported the ______ _______ or policies of __________ (deportation and/or isolation) to keep criminals from the gene pool.

A

death penalty

segregation

29
Q

Raffaele Garofalo believed in ___________ __________.

A

psychological degeneracy

30
Q

________ _________ believed in psychological degeneracy.

A

Raffaele Garofalo

31
Q

According to Garofalo, what are the sources/determinants of crime?

A

(1) lower intellectual abilities

(2) psychological pathology/degeneracy

32
Q

Aside from Lombroso, who was Raffaele Garofalo influenced by?

A

Darwin’s law of adaption and the principle of the survival of the fittest

33
Q

Who referenced Garofalo’s work and views during World War II?

A

Nazi and Fascist regimes of Germany and Italy

34
Q

Cesare Lombroso set into motion the idea that your _________ ________ determines crime.

A

biological structure

35
Q

_______ _________ set into motion the idea that your biological structure determines crime.

A

Cesare Lombroso

36
Q

According to Lombroso, biological structure determines ______ _______.

A

social function

37
Q

____% of criminals have some type of psychological problem.

A

25%

38
Q

Enrico Ferri believed in crime control through “______ _________”.

A

social betterment

39
Q

______ _____ believed in crime control through “social betterment”.

A

Enrico Ferri

40
Q

What two types of marriages did Enrico Ferri advocate?

A

(1) childless

(2) child with marriage

41
Q

_______ countries tend to have high homicide rates.

A

Catholic

42
Q

Why do Catholic countries tend to have high homicide rates?

A

Could be due to laws against divorce

43
Q

Raffaelle Garofalo, believed in _______ _____ type of government, in which you let things take it’s course.

A

laissez faire

44
Q

________ ________, believed in laissez faire type of government, in which you let things take it’s course.

A

Raffaelle Garofalo

45
Q

Which of Lombroso’s students was into fascism?

A

Raffaelle Garofalo

46
Q

Garofalo believed criminals were _____.

A

dumb

47
Q

Garofalo argued for __________.

A

sterilization

48
Q

Cesare Lombroso, Enrico Ferri, and Raffaelle Garofalo all believed in __________.

A

determinism

Criminal Justice 270- Intro to Criminology (47 decks)

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