Ch 9 Lec 1 - Muscles Flashcards
study of muscles
myology
muscular tissue is blank percent of total body mass
45
muscles do most of the blank generated by the body
work
three muscle functions
maintain posture, movement, heat production, support visceral organs, guard orifices
property of muscle tissue that has the ability to receive and respond to electric or chemical stimuli
excitability
property of muscle that is the ability to shorten forcibly when stimulated
contractility
property of muscle that has the ability to be stretched without damaging the tissue
extensibility
property of muscle tissue that is the ability to return to original shape after being stretched
elasticity
four properties of muscle tissue
excitability, contractility, extensibility, elasticity
muscles are blank
organs
muscle is composed of many types of blank
tissue
a muscle fiber equals blank
1 muscle cell
skeletal muscle attaches to bone, skin, or blank
fascia
skeletal muscle blanks rapidly but blanks easilty
contracts, tires
another name for belly
gaster
main portion of a muscle
gaster
belly is attached to blank
tendons
tendons attach blank to blank
bone, muscle
fascia that is dense irregular ct around the muscle and holds it in place and separates it from other muscles
deep
fascia that is made of loose ct beneath skin, surrounds several muscles
subcutaneous
many muscle fibers are bundled together into groups called blank
fascicles
several blank make up a muscle
fascicle
fascicles have blank to blank fibers
10-100
skeletal muscle ct that surrounds the whole muscle
epimysium
skeletal muscle ct that surrounds fascicles
perimysium
skeletal muscle ct that separates individual muscle fibers
endomysium
all connective tissue extend beyond the muscle blank to form the blank
belly, tendon
tendons may form thick flattened sheets, called blank
aponeuroses
embryonic cells that fuse to form muscle fibers
myoblasts
these are the reason that muscles are so long and multinucleated
myoblasts
myoblasts that do not fuse become blank cells
myosatellite
these muscle fiber cells assist in repair of damaged cells
myosatellite
fiber cytoplasm of a muscle fiber
sarcoplasm
plasma membrane of a muscle fiber
sarcolemma
extensions of the sarcolemma into the sarcoplasm in muscle fibers
transverse tubule
contractile organelles that extend the length of a muscle fiber
myofibrils
myofibrils are surrounded by the blank
sarcoplasmic reticulum
the functional unit of a myofibril is a blank
sarcomere
sarcomeres are made of blank filaments and blank filaments
thick, thin
thick filament that is twisted with globular heads, about 1.6 micrometers long, and there are 500 of them to one thick filament
myosin
thin filaments are made of blank which is a structural protein and has coiled “beads”
actin
actin binds with blank because it has an active site
myosin
two regulatory proteins of actin
tropomyosin, troponin
the striated bands of filaments are blank
sarcomeres
entire thick filament range
A band
only thin filaments
I band
only thick filaments
H bands
both filaments are in this zone
zone of overlap
divide and flank the sarcomere
sarcomere lines
the end of the sarcomere made of actinin protein and anchor thin filaments
z line
middle of the sarcomere that stabilizes thick filaments and is a sarcomere line
m line
diagram a sarcomere
ehhh
structural protein that anchors a thick filament to a z line and accounts for elasticity and extensibility
titin
structural protein that holds F actin together on thin filaments
nebulin
structural protein that makes up the z line
actinin
during contraction, myosin attaches to binding site of blank
actin
during contraction, atp causes the myosin to flex and pull on the blank
actin
the blank filaments slide inward during contraction
thin
neuron and all muscle cells are stimulated by the neuron in this
motor unit
three things in neuromuscular junciton
motor unit, neuromuscular junction, synaptic terminal
point of contact between the neuron and the muscle
neuromuscular junction
end of axon that contacts motor end plate
synaptic terminal
three more parts of the neuromuscular junction
motor end plate, synaptic cleft, neurotransmitter
point on muscle fiber that contacts synaptic terminal
motor end plate
chemical released into the gap in neuromuscular junction
neurotransmitter
gap between motor end plates in neuromuscular junction
synaptic cleft
neurotransmitter involved in neuromuscular junction
acetylcholine
