Ch 25 Lec 2 - Digestive System Flashcards

0
Q

cutting teeth

A

incisors

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1
Q

mechanical breakdown by teeth

A

mastication

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2
Q

tearing teeth

A

cuspids

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3
Q

crushing and grinding teeth

A

bicuspids and molars

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4
Q

exposed region of tooth covered in enamel

A

crown

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5
Q

base within host bone of tooth

A

root

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6
Q

boundary between root and crown of tooth

A

neck

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7
Q

gums are blank

A

gingiva

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8
Q

hardest substance in body made of calcium salts

A

enamel

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9
Q

inner mineral matrix of tooth

A

dentin

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10
Q

bone like material covering root of tooth

A

cementum

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11
Q

this ligament anchors tooth

A

periodontal

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12
Q

spongy area with vessels and known as the root canal

A

pulp cavity

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13
Q

primary teeth are replaced with blank teeth

A

deciduous

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14
Q

there are blank primary or deciduous teeth

A

20

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15
Q

secondary or permanent teeth have blank bicuspids and blank molars

A

2, 3

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16
Q

there are blank total secondary or permanent teeth

A

32

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17
Q

movement through the pharynx is enabled by blank

A

swallowing

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18
Q

swallowing is known as blank

A

deglutition

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19
Q

there are blank stages of swallowing

A

3

20
Q

stage of swallowing that compresses bolus against hard palate, elevates soft palate, and tongue retracts

A

buccal phase

21
Q

passageway for food to stomach

A

esophagus

22
Q

esophagus penetrates diaphragm through esophageal blank

A

hiatus

23
Q

three layers of esophagus

A

mucosa, muscularis, adventitia

24
Q

layer of esophagus that is stratified squamous

A

mucosa

25
Q

this is for storage and mechanical breakdown and chemical breakdown of protein

A

stomach

26
Q

stomach delivers blank to small intestine

A

chyme

27
Q

there is little absorption of nutrients in the blank

A

stomach

28
Q

stomach shape has a lesser and greater blank

A

curvature

29
Q

region of stomach that meets esophagus

A

cardia

30
Q

mucosa of stomach is folded into blank for expansion during a full stomach

A

rugae

31
Q

three muscle layers are in the blank of stomach

A

muscularis

32
Q

outer layer of stomach

A

longitudinal

33
Q

middle layer of muscularis of stomach

A

circular

34
Q

inner layer of muscularis of stomach

A

oblique

35
Q

these make gastric juice and secrete them

A

gastric glands

36
Q

secretory cell in stomach that makes HCl and intrinsic factor

A

parietal cells

37
Q

secretory cell of stomach that makes pepsinogen

A

chief cells

38
Q

this breaks down proteins

A

pepsinogens

39
Q

secretory cells that secrete the hormone gastrin

A

enteroendocrine cells

40
Q

three regions of small intestine

A

duodenum, jejenum, ileum

41
Q

shortest length of small intestine

A

25 cm

42
Q

longest part of small intestine

A

ileum

43
Q

this completes digestion of chyme and receives secretions from pancreas and liver

A

small intestine

44
Q

three parts of small intestine to increase surface area

A

plicae circulares, intestinal villi, microvilli

45
Q

folds in lining of small intestine

A

plicae circulares

46
Q

fingerlike projections of mucosa in small intestine

A

intestinal villi

47
Q

fingerlike extensions of cell membranes in small intestines

A

microvilli