Ch 25 Lec 2 - Digestive System Flashcards
cutting teeth
incisors
mechanical breakdown by teeth
mastication
tearing teeth
cuspids
crushing and grinding teeth
bicuspids and molars
exposed region of tooth covered in enamel
crown
base within host bone of tooth
root
boundary between root and crown of tooth
neck
gums are blank
gingiva
hardest substance in body made of calcium salts
enamel
inner mineral matrix of tooth
dentin
bone like material covering root of tooth
cementum
this ligament anchors tooth
periodontal
spongy area with vessels and known as the root canal
pulp cavity
primary teeth are replaced with blank teeth
deciduous
there are blank primary or deciduous teeth
20
secondary or permanent teeth have blank bicuspids and blank molars
2, 3
there are blank total secondary or permanent teeth
32
movement through the pharynx is enabled by blank
swallowing
swallowing is known as blank
deglutition
there are blank stages of swallowing
3
stage of swallowing that compresses bolus against hard palate, elevates soft palate, and tongue retracts
buccal phase
passageway for food to stomach
esophagus
esophagus penetrates diaphragm through esophageal blank
hiatus
three layers of esophagus
mucosa, muscularis, adventitia
layer of esophagus that is stratified squamous
mucosa
this is for storage and mechanical breakdown and chemical breakdown of protein
stomach
stomach delivers blank to small intestine
chyme
there is little absorption of nutrients in the blank
stomach
stomach shape has a lesser and greater blank
curvature
region of stomach that meets esophagus
cardia
mucosa of stomach is folded into blank for expansion during a full stomach
rugae
three muscle layers are in the blank of stomach
muscularis
outer layer of stomach
longitudinal
middle layer of muscularis of stomach
circular
inner layer of muscularis of stomach
oblique
these make gastric juice and secrete them
gastric glands
secretory cell in stomach that makes HCl and intrinsic factor
parietal cells
secretory cell of stomach that makes pepsinogen
chief cells
this breaks down proteins
pepsinogens
secretory cells that secrete the hormone gastrin
enteroendocrine cells
three regions of small intestine
duodenum, jejenum, ileum
shortest length of small intestine
25 cm
longest part of small intestine
ileum
this completes digestion of chyme and receives secretions from pancreas and liver
small intestine
three parts of small intestine to increase surface area
plicae circulares, intestinal villi, microvilli
folds in lining of small intestine
plicae circulares
fingerlike projections of mucosa in small intestine
intestinal villi
fingerlike extensions of cell membranes in small intestines
microvilli