Ch 25 Lec 2 - Digestive System Flashcards

0
Q

cutting teeth

A

incisors

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1
Q

mechanical breakdown by teeth

A

mastication

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2
Q

tearing teeth

A

cuspids

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3
Q

crushing and grinding teeth

A

bicuspids and molars

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4
Q

exposed region of tooth covered in enamel

A

crown

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5
Q

base within host bone of tooth

A

root

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6
Q

boundary between root and crown of tooth

A

neck

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7
Q

gums are blank

A

gingiva

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8
Q

hardest substance in body made of calcium salts

A

enamel

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9
Q

inner mineral matrix of tooth

A

dentin

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10
Q

bone like material covering root of tooth

A

cementum

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11
Q

this ligament anchors tooth

A

periodontal

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12
Q

spongy area with vessels and known as the root canal

A

pulp cavity

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13
Q

primary teeth are replaced with blank teeth

A

deciduous

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14
Q

there are blank primary or deciduous teeth

A

20

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15
Q

secondary or permanent teeth have blank bicuspids and blank molars

A

2, 3

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16
Q

there are blank total secondary or permanent teeth

A

32

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17
Q

movement through the pharynx is enabled by blank

A

swallowing

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18
Q

swallowing is known as blank

A

deglutition

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19
Q

there are blank stages of swallowing

20
Q

stage of swallowing that compresses bolus against hard palate, elevates soft palate, and tongue retracts

A

buccal phase

21
Q

passageway for food to stomach

22
Q

esophagus penetrates diaphragm through esophageal blank

23
Q

three layers of esophagus

A

mucosa, muscularis, adventitia

24
layer of esophagus that is stratified squamous
mucosa
25
this is for storage and mechanical breakdown and chemical breakdown of protein
stomach
26
stomach delivers blank to small intestine
chyme
27
there is little absorption of nutrients in the blank
stomach
28
stomach shape has a lesser and greater blank
curvature
29
region of stomach that meets esophagus
cardia
30
mucosa of stomach is folded into blank for expansion during a full stomach
rugae
31
three muscle layers are in the blank of stomach
muscularis
32
outer layer of stomach
longitudinal
33
middle layer of muscularis of stomach
circular
34
inner layer of muscularis of stomach
oblique
35
these make gastric juice and secrete them
gastric glands
36
secretory cell in stomach that makes HCl and intrinsic factor
parietal cells
37
secretory cell of stomach that makes pepsinogen
chief cells
38
this breaks down proteins
pepsinogens
39
secretory cells that secrete the hormone gastrin
enteroendocrine cells
40
three regions of small intestine
duodenum, jejenum, ileum
41
shortest length of small intestine
25 cm
42
longest part of small intestine
ileum
43
this completes digestion of chyme and receives secretions from pancreas and liver
small intestine
44
three parts of small intestine to increase surface area
plicae circulares, intestinal villi, microvilli
45
folds in lining of small intestine
plicae circulares
46
fingerlike projections of mucosa in small intestine
intestinal villi
47
fingerlike extensions of cell membranes in small intestines
microvilli