Ch 13 Lec 2 - Nervous System

Question 1

these are like astrocytes but smaller

Answer 1

oligodendrocytes

Question 2

oligodendrocytes form blank in the central nervous system

Answer 2

myelin

Question 3

smallest and least common neuroglial cell

Answer 3

microglia

Question 4

microglia are derived from blank cells

Answer 4

myeloid

Question 5

microglia are the blank cells of the nervous system

Answer 5

white blood

Question 6

main function of microglia

Answer 6

phagocytosis

Question 7

columnar/cuboidal and have microvilli on luminal surface are are a neuroglial

Answer 7

ependymal

Question 8

ependymal cells are joined by blank junctions

Answer 8

gap

Question 9

main function of ependymal cells is to help produce blank

Answer 9

cerebrospinal fluid

Question 10

associated with soma and assist with exchange of nutrients and is a neuroglial cell

Answer 10

satellite

Question 11

satellite cells blank neuron from extraneous stimuli

Answer 11

Isolates

Question 12

neuroglial cells that produce myelin in the peripheral nervous system

Answer 12

schwann cells

Question 13

schwann cells encloses blank of longer peripheral nerves

Answer 13

axons

Question 14

main function of schwann cells is to blank large PNS axons

Answer 14

myelinate

Question 15

blank axons appear gray and many axons associate with a single schwann cell

Answer 15

unmyelinated

Question 16

unmyelinated cells are found in the blank and are not blank cells

Answer 16

CNS, glial

Question 17

axons that appear white

Answer 17

myelinated

Question 18

in the central nervous system, blank myelinate part of several axons

Answer 18

oligodendrocytes

Question 19

in the PNS, blank cells myelinated part of one axon

Answer 19

schwann

Question 20

plasma membrane of schwann cell wrapped around axon

Answer 20

myelin

Question 21

part of schwann cell that contains cytoplasm

Answer 21

neurilemma

Question 22

gaps in myelin sheath

Answer 22

nodes of ranvier

Question 23

myelination process starts when you are blank and then stop around age blank

Answer 23

young, 3

Question 24

myelin functions to blank axons and increase blank

Answer 24

isolate, rate of action potential

Question 25

the peripheral nervous system can blank a fraction of the axons

Answer 25

regenerate

Question 26

the regeneration of Schwann cells in PNS

Answer 26

Wallerian process

Question 27

if the injury separates axon from cell body, the blank portion of the axon will blank along with with myelin sheath

Answer 27

distal, deteriorate

Question 28

during the regeneration of nerve fibers, blank clean up, some blank cells remain, and a thin blank membrane and later of blank tissue around schwann cells

Answer 28

macrophages, schwann, basement, connective

Question 29

new axon grows blank to blank millimeters per day when regenerating nerve fibers

Answer 29

3-4

Question 30

repair in central nervous system is more blank

Answer 30

limited

Question 31

oligodendrocytes do not blank and repair the central nervous sytem

Answer 31

proliferate

Question 32

blank produce scar tissue and chemicals blocking regrowth in central nervous system

Answer 32

astrocytes

Question 33

ability to respond to stimuli

Answer 33

irritability

Question 34

ability to transmit an impulse

Answer 34

excitability

Question 35

an electrical impulse changing the permeability of a membrane

Answer 35

action potential

Question 36

action potential moving down an axon

Answer 36

nerve impulse

Question 37

impulse travels faster when the axon is blank and has a blank diamater

Answer 37

myelinated, larger

Question 38

this functions as a control/transmission point and a site of communication

Answer 38

synapse

Question 39

synapse is a site communication between any two cells with a blank

Answer 39

gap

Question 40

two types of synapses

Answer 40

electrical, chemical

Question 41

example of electrical synapse

Answer 41

intercalated discs of cardiac muscle

Question 42

example of a chemical synapse

Answer 42

neuro-muscular junction

Question 43

in chemical synapses, blank house neurotransmitters

Answer 43

synaptic vesicle

Question 44

chemical synapses only exist in the blank

Answer 44

presynaptic cell

Question 45

chemical synapses release neurotransmitters into the blank

Answer 45

synaptic cleft

Question 46

receptors on blank membranes register the neurotransmitter in chemical synapses

Answer 46

post-synaptic

Question 47

chemical synapses proliferates the blank from one cell to the next

Answer 47

action potential

Question 48

in step 1 at a chemical synapse the action potential reaches the blank of the presynaptic neuron

Answer 48

synaptic knob

Question 49

receive impulses from afferent fibers and the impulses are carried away on efferent fibers in these

Answer 49

neuronal pools

Question 50

blank fibers can branch many times before entering a pool

Answer 50

afferent

Question 51

one neuron to another in series in this pool

Answer 51

serial processing

Question 52

pool when impulse leaves a pool, it may spread into several output fibers and allows impulse to be amplified

Answer 52

divergence

Question 53

neuronal pool where a single nerve in pool may receive impulses from 2 or more incoming fibers

Answer 53

convergence

Question 54

if an impulse leads to the same nerve, they are said to blank

Answer 54

converge

Question 55

convergence allows summation of impulses from blank

Answer 55

different sources

Question 56

processing information from several neurons at once

Answer 56

parallel processing

Question 57

positive feedback continues activity of circuit in this pool

Answer 57

reverberation

Question 58

one neuron may receive either blank and blank stimuli from multiple neurons

Answer 58

excitatory, inhibitory

Question 59

the net effect of all input to a cell is called the blank

Answer 59

net charge

Question 60

if the charge is positive enough to a nerve then it will result in a blank

Answer 60

active potential

Question 61

the point where an action potential can be produced is known as blank

Answer 61

threshold

Question 62

inhibitory stimuli bring signals blank threshold

Answer 62

away from

Question 63

excitatory stimuli bring signals blank threshold

Answer 63

to

Question 64

in step 2 at a chemical synapse the blank is release

Answer 64

neurotransmitter

Question 65

in step 3 at a chemical synapse the blank binds to receptors and blanks the postsynaptic membrane

Answer 65

ach, depolarizes

Question 66

in step 4 at a chemical synapse blank is removed by blank

Answer 66

ach, ache