Ch 19 Lec 1 - Endocrine System

Question 1

endocrine system is blank with blank effects

Answer 1

slow, long term

Question 2

endocrine system is interrelated with the blank system

Answer 2

nervous

Question 3

the blank directly innervates the endocrine system

Answer 3

hypothalamus

Question 4

hormones produced by specialized cell and carried in blood stream

Answer 4

ductless system

Question 5

exocrine uses a blank

Answer 5

duct

Question 6

endocrine hormones go to blank

Answer 6

everywhere

Question 7

substance synthesized by a specific organ or tissue and secreted

Answer 7

hormones

Question 8

blood carries hormones to other sites which is called blank

Answer 8

endocrine signaling

Question 9

hormones secreted into extracellular spaces which is called blank

Answer 9

paracrine signaling

Question 10

hormones act on blank

Answer 10

target cells

Question 11

target cells have specific blank for specific hormones

Answer 11

receptors

Question 12

four categories of hormones

Answer 12

steroids, peptides, amines, eicosanoids

Question 13

hormones that are made of cholesterol and non polar

Answer 13

steroids

Question 14

hormones that are polar

Answer 14

peptides

Question 15

hormones that are derived from amino acids and are polar or non polar

Answer 15

amines

Question 16

hormones that are mostly non polar and are paracrine signals

Answer 16

eicosanoids

Question 17

steroids can cross blank

Answer 17

membranes

Question 18

derived from tyrosine or tryptophan

Answer 18

amine hormones

Question 19

some are membrane blank and others are not

Answer 19

soluble

Question 20

most important amine hormones are made by blank and blank

Answer 20

thyroid, adrenal medulla

Question 21

short chaiins of amino acids and are too big to cross membranes and are all pituitary hormones

Answer 21

peptide hormones

Question 22

control of hormone secretion is an example of blank

Answer 22

negative feedback

Question 23

in negative feedback, blank is established and it works just like a blank

Answer 23

homeostasis, furnace

Question 24

hypothalamus sends signals to the body and the blank gland

Answer 24

pituitary

Question 25

pituitary gland is the most important endocrine gland for blank

Answer 25

regulation

Question 26

two lobes of pituitary gland

Answer 26

posterior, anterior

Question 27

posterior lobe of pituitary gland does not make any blank

Answer 27

hormones

Question 28

posterior lobe of pituitary is mostly for blank

Answer 28

hypothalamic axons

Question 29

anterior lobe of pituitary has blank types of endocrine cells

Answer 29

five

Question 30

two hypothalamic regulatory hormones of the anterior pituitary lobe

Answer 30

releasing, inhibiting

Question 31

eicoanoids are mostly blank and are blank

Answer 31

non polar, prostaglandins

Question 32

posterior pituitary hormone that causes contraction of muscles in uterine walls

Answer 32

oxytocin

Question 33

oxytocin also causes muscles associated with milk ejection to blank as well as prostate gland

Answer 33

contract

Question 34

oxytocin is significant in blank bonding

Answer 34

emotional

Question 35

posterior pituitary hormone that caused kidney to decrease water excretion

Answer 35

antidiuretic hormon

Question 36

antidiuretic hormone increased blank

Answer 36

blood volume

Question 37

anterior pituitary hormone that causes increase in melatonin secretion

Answer 37

melanocyte stimulating hormone

Question 38

anterior pituitary hormone that causes tested to produce sperm, follicular development in ovary and stimulate secretion of estrogen

Answer 38

follicle stimulating hormone

Question 39

anterior pituitary hormone that promotes secretion of sex hormones and releases oocyte

Answer 39

luteinizing hormone

Question 40

anterior pituitary hormone that increases size and rate of reproduction of body cells like muscles and bones

Answer 40

growth hormone

Question 41

growth hormone is secreted throughout life but increases at blank

Answer 41

puberty

Question 42

anterior pituitary hormone that controls secretion of thyroid hormone

Answer 42

thyroid stimulating hormone

Question 43

anterior pituitary hormone that targets mammary tissue to produce milk

Answer 43

prolactin

Question 44

anterior pituitary hormone that stimulates adrenal cortex to produce corticosteroids

Answer 44

adrenocorticotropic hormone

Question 45

two lobes and isthmus connecting this gland

Answer 45

thyroid

Question 46

thyroid is inferior to blank

Answer 46

larynx

Question 47

thyroid has blank cells

Answer 47

follicular

Question 48

follicular cells remove blank from blood

Answer 48

iodine

Question 49

follicular cells secrete blank

Answer 49

T3 and T4

Question 50

thyroid has blank cells as well

Answer 50

parafollicular

Question 51

parafollicular cells make blank

Answer 51

calcitonin

Question 52

thyroxine is made by follicular cells and is blank

Answer 52

T4

Question 53

T3 is a thyroid hormone called

Answer 53

triiodothyronine

Question 54

thyroxine is for blank

Answer 54

growth

Question 55

triiodothyronine is same as T4 but is blank times more potent

Answer 55

five

Question 56

parafollicular cell that is for decreasing calcium

Answer 56

calcitonin

Question 57

parathyroid glands are on the blank surface of thyroid

Answer 57

posterior

Question 58

parathyroid gland makes blank hormone which increased blood calcium

Answer 58

parathyroid hormone

Question 59

parathyroid glands have blank cells which produce parathyroid hormone

Answer 59

chief cells

Question 60

melatonin helps with blank

Answer 60

circadian rhythms

Question 61

pineal gland makes blank

Answer 61

melatonin

Question 62

thisis in the epithalamus and produces pineacytes

Answer 62

pineal gland

Question 63

this prepares body for pregnancy

Answer 63

progesterone

Question 64

the corpus luteum produces these two things

Answer 64

estrogens, progesterone

Question 65

follicles produce these two things

Answer 65

estrogen, inhibin

Question 66

post ovulation part of female gonads

Answer 66

corpus luteum

Question 67

pre ovulation part of female gonads

Answer 67

follicles

Question 68

these have follicles and the corpus luteum

Answer 68

female gonads

Question 69

these cells secrete inhibin which stimulates sperm creation

Answer 69

nurse cells

Question 70

male gonads have these two cells

Answer 70

interstitial, nurse

Question 71

these secrete androgens like testosterone in male gonads

Answer 71

instersitial cells

Question 72

pancreas cells that make somatostatin which inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion

Answer 72

delta

Question 73

pancreas cells that make insulin

Answer 73

beta

Question 74

pancreas cells that make glucagon

Answer 74

alpha

Question 75

three cells of pancreas

Answer 75

alpha, beta, delta

Question 76

pancreas has blank which are for endocrine function

Answer 76

islets of langerhans

Question 77

this is posterior to the stomach and is attached to a duodenum by a duct and is exocrine and endocrine

Answer 77

pancreas

Question 78

this is in the heart and suppresses aldosterone and decreases blood volume and blood pressure

Answer 78

atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 79

this increases absorption of digested calcium

Answer 79

calcitrol

Question 80

this is for erythrocyte production

Answer 80

erythropoietin

Question 81

this starts cascade to increase blood pressure

Answer 81

renin

Question 82

kidney has these three things in it

Answer 82

renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol

Question 83

adrenal medulla makes these

Answer 83

epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 84

this adrenal gland is separate from adrenal cortex and has chromaffin cells which are modified postganglionic cells of the SNS

Answer 84

adrenal medulla

Question 85

adrenal cortex gland that produces androgens and is for secondary sex characteristics

Answer 85

reticularis

Question 86

adrenal cortex gland that produces cortisol and is for glycogen formation

Answer 86

fasciculata

Question 87

adrenal cortex gland that produces aldosterone and is for sodium retention

Answer 87

glomerulosa

Question 88

adrenal cortex is made up of these three adrenal glands

Answer 88

glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis

Question 89

thymus is most active in blank

Answer 89

childhood

Question 90

thymus produces blank

Answer 90

thymosin

Question 91

gland in the thoracic cavity that is posterior to the sternum and enhances lymphocyte production and competence

Answer 91

thymus

Question 92

gland in the thoracic cavity that is posterior to the sternum and enhances lymphocyte production and competence

Answer 92

thymus

Question 92

thymus produces blank

Answer 92

thymosin

Question 92

thymus is most active in blank

Answer 92

childhood

Question 92

adrenal cortex is made up of these three adrenal glands

Answer 92

glomerulosa, fasciculata, reticularis

Question 92

adrenal cortex gland that produces aldosterone and is for sodium retention

Answer 92

glomerulosa

Question 92

adrenal cortex gland that produces cortisol and is for glycogen formation

Answer 92

fasciculata

Question 92

adrenal cortex gland that produces androgens and is for secondary sex characteristics

Answer 92

reticularis

Question 92

this adrenal gland is separate from adrenal cortex and has chromaffin cells which are modified postganglionic cells of the SNS

Answer 92

adrenal medulla

Question 92

adrenal medulla makes these

Answer 92

epinephrine, norepinephrine

Question 92

kidney has these three things in it

Answer 92

renin, erythropoietin, calcitriol

Question 92

this starts cascade to increase blood pressure

Answer 92

renin

Question 92

this is for erythrocyte production

Answer 92

erythropoietin

Question 92

this increases absorption of digested calcium

Answer 92

calcitrol

Question 92

this is in the heart and suppresses aldosterone and decreases blood volume and blood pressure

Answer 92

atrial natriuretic peptide

Question 92

this is posterior to the stomach and is attached to a duodenum by a duct and is exocrine and endocrine

Answer 92

pancreas

Question 92

pancreas has blank which are for endocrine function

Answer 92

islets of langerhans

Question 92

three cells of pancreas

Answer 92

alpha, beta, delta

Question 92

pancreas cells that make glucagon

Answer 92

alpha

Question 92

pancreas cells that make insulin

Answer 92

beta

Question 92

pancreas cells that make somatostatin which inhibits glucagon and insulin secretion

Answer 92

delta

Question 92

these secrete androgens like testosterone in male gonads

Answer 92

instersitial cells

Question 92

male gonads have these two cells

Answer 92

interstitial, nurse

Question 92

these cells secrete inhibin which stimulates sperm creation

Answer 92

nurse cells

Question 92

these have follicles and the corpus luteum

Answer 92

female gonads

Question 92

pre ovulation part of female gonads

Answer 92

follicles

Question 92

post ovulation part of female gonads

Answer 92

corpus luteum

Question 92

follicles produce these two things

Answer 92

estrogen, inhibin

Question 92

the corpus luteum produces these two things

Answer 92

estrogens, progesterone

Question 92

this prepares body for pregnancy

Answer 92

progesterone

Question 92

thisis in the epithalamus and produces pineacytes

Answer 92

pineal gland

Question 92

pineal gland makes blank

Answer 92

melatonin

Question 92

melatonin helps with blank

Answer 92

circadian rhythms