Ch 14 Lec 2 - Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards
these braid off ventral rami
nerve plexuses
regions where nerve plexuses are found
cervical, lumbar, sacral
most blank nerves are all isolated
thoracic
the cervical plexus goes through blank and blank and part of blank
c1-c4, c5
cervical plexus is not the only blank that goes through the cervical blank
plexus, vertebrae
plexus that innervates certain muscles of neck and torso
cervical plexus
nerve of cervical plexus that goes to the diaphragm
phrenic nerve
the phrenic nerve goes through blank blank and blank
c3, c4, c5
other plexus that comes off the cervical vertebrae
brachial plexus
brachial plexus goes through these vertebrae
c4-c8 and t1
innervates the chest, upper back, and arm
brachial plexus
structure of brachial plexus that goes to anterior muscles of arms and skin of forearm
musculocutaneous
structure of brachial plexus that goes to muscles of forearm, hands, and skin of hands
ulnar nerve
brachial plexus structure that is the same function as the ulnar nerve
medial nerve
structure of the brachial plexus that goes to posterior muscles of arms and skin of forearms and hands
radial nerve
last thoracic, lumbar, sacral, and coccygeal nerves make up this plexus
lumbosacral plexus
lumbosacral plexus may be split into blank and blank plexuses
lumbar, sacral
innnervate the lower limb regions
lumbosacral plexus
lumbosacral plexus structure that goes to adductors of leg
obturator nerve
lumbosacral plexus structure that sends motor impulses to leg and thigh and receives sensory from skin of leg and thigh
femoral nerve
lumbosacral plexus structure that goes to muscles and skin in thighs, legs, and feet
sciatic nerve
rapid automatic involuntary motor response to stimuli
reflex
reflexes help preserve blank
homeostasis
reflexes occur at blank or blank
spinal cord, brain stem
reflexes do not require blank processing
cerebral
reflexes can be blank by cerebral control
modified
four classifications of reflexes
by development, site of processing, nature of motor response, complexity of circuit
classification of reflex that is genetic or learned
by development
this means built in
genetically
means acquired through repetition and/or experience
learned
birds have a genetic reflex to be afraid of blank
snakes
classification of reflexes that are spinal or cranial
site of processing
classification of reflexes that are somatic or visceral
nature of motor response
influences the skeletal muscle system
somatic
influences the involuntary systems such as smooth muscle and glands
visceral
the production of adrenaline reflex
visceral
classification of reflex that may be monosynaptic or polysynaptic
complexity of neural circuit
1 synapse
monosynaptic
two or more synapses
polysynaptic
boxing reflexes are blank
polysynaptic
first step of a reflex arc, the blank is stimulated by a detectable environmental blank
receptor, stimulus
second step of reflex arc, the blank stimulates a blank neuron that sends a signal to the blank for processing
Receptor, sensory, CNS
in step three of the reflex arc, the blank from sensory neuron to another neuron
transmission
in the fourth and fifth steps of a reflex arc, a blank is stimulated and sends a signal to a blank
motor neuron, effector
a reflex stimulated by the stretching of a muscle
stretch reflex
blank are receptors that detect stretching
muscle spindle fibers
the effector is the blank of the muscle in a stretch reflex
contraction
the blank reflex is a stretch reflex
patellar
the function of the patellar reflex is to prevent muscles from being blank and prevent one from falling blank
overstretched, forward
a patellar reflex falls into what classifications
innate, somatic, monosynaptic, spinal
