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BIOL > Ch 8-2 > Flashcards

Ch 8-2 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary function of the light reactions?

A

To convert solar energy into ATP and NADPH.

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2
Q

Where do light-dependent reactions occur?

A

In the thylakoid membrane.

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3
Q

What is chlorophyll a’s role in photosynthesis?

A

It is the main light-capturing pigment.

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4
Q

What colors of light does chlorophyll a absorb?

A

Violet-blue and red.

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5
Q

What role do carotenoids play in photosynthesis?

A

They are accessory pigments that provide photoprotection.

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6
Q

It becomes excited and moves to a higher energy level.

A

What happens to an electron when a pigment absorbs light?

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7
Q

What are the two photosystems involved in photosynthesis?

A

Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI).

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8
Q

What does the electron transport chain (ETC) do in photosynthesis?

A

It transports electrons between photosystems and aids in ATP production.

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9
Q

What molecule splits to provide electrons for the light reactions?

A

Water (H₂O).

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10
Q

What is the function of the proton gradient in photosynthesis?

A

It drives ATP synthesis through chemiosmosis.

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11
Q

What is P680 in Photosystem II?

A

The reaction-center chlorophyll molecule.

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12
Q

What does NADP+ reductase do?

A

Catalyzes the formation of NADPH.

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13
Q

What by-products are generated during the light reactions?

A

Oxygen and hydrogen ions.

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14
Q

How is the energy for ATP production created in photosynthesis?

A

Through the flow of protons across the thylakoid membrane.

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15
Q

What are the final products of the light reactions?

A

ATP and NADPH.

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16
Q

Which pigment is the main light-capturing molecule in photosynthesis?
A) Chlorophyll a
B) Chlorophyll b
C) Carotenoids
D) Xanthophyll

A

A) Chlorophyll a

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17
Q

What is the source of the electrons used in Photosystem II?

A) NADPH
B) Water
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Oxygen

A

B) Water

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18
Q

Which photosystem is responsible for ATP production?
A) Photosystem I
B) Photosystem II
C) Photosystem III
D) Calvin Cycle

A

B) Photosystem II

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19
Q

What is the function of carotenoids in photosynthesis?
A) Absorb red light
B) Store energy
C) Provide photoprotection
D) Capture green light

A

C) Provide photoprotection

20
Q

What process involves the pumping of protons into the thylakoid space?
A) Calvin Cycle
B) Glycolysis
C) Chemiosmosis
D) Respiration

A

C) Chemiosmosis

21
Q

How are electrons replaced in Photosystem II?
A) By splitting water
B) Through NADPH
C) By splitting oxygen
D) Through ATP synthesis

A

A) By splitting water

22
Q

Which molecule carries electrons from Photosystem I?
A) NADH
B) ATP
C) NADP+
D) FADH₂

A

C) NADP+

23
Q

What pigment reflects green light, making plants appear green?
A) Chlorophyll a
B) Chlorophyll b
C) Carotenoids
D) Anthocyanin

A

A) Chlorophyll a

24
Q

The proton gradient created by electron transport is used to:
A) Split water molecules
B) Pump electrons into the stroma
C) Drive ATP synthesis
D) Release carbon dioxide

A

C) Drive ATP synthesis

25
Q

Where do electrons go after being energized by light in Photosystem II?
A) Photosystem I
B) Calvin Cycle
C) Mitochondria
D) Chloroplast stroma

A

A) Photosystem I

26
Q

Which wavelength does Photosystem I absorb best?
A) 680 nm
B) 700 nm
C) 500 nm
D) 450 nm

A

B) 700 nm

27
Q

What is the role of NADPH in the Calvin Cycle?
A) Supplies carbon
B) Provides electrons and hydrogen
C) Releases oxygen
D) Absorbs light

A

B) Provides electrons and hydrogen

28
Q

What is produced by the light reactions and used in the Calvin Cycle?
A) NADP+ and H₂O
B) ATP and NADPH
C) CO₂ and glucose
D) Oxygen and water

A

B) ATP and NADPH

29
Q

Which complex uses chemiosmosis to produce ATP?
A) Photosystem I
B) Cytochrome complex
C) ATP synthase
D) Calvin Cycle

A

C) ATP synthase

30
Q

What molecule acts as the final electron acceptor in the light reactions?
A) NADP+
B) ATP
C) Oxygen
D) Carbon dioxide

A

A) NADP+

31
Q

True or False: Photosystem I generates ATP.

A

False (Photosystem II is primarily responsible for ATP generation.)

32
Q

True or False: The Calvin Cycle occurs during the light-dependent reactions

A

False (It occurs during the light-independent reactions.)

33
Q

True or False: Chlorophyll absorbs all colors of light.

A

False (It reflects green light.)

34
Q

True or False: Water splitting in Photosystem II releases oxygen as a by-product.

A

True

35
Q

True or False: Carotenoids help protect the chloroplast by absorbing excess light.

A

T

36
Q

True or False: NADP+ is reduced to NADPH in Photosystem I.

A

T

37
Q

True or False: Chemiosmosis is the process of using a proton gradient to drive ATP synthesis.

A

T

38
Q

True or False: ATP synthase is located in the thylakoid membrane.

A

T

39
Q

True or False: P700 is associated with Photosystem II.

A

False (It is associated with Photosystem I.)

40
Q

True or False: ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are used in the Calvin Cycle.

A

T

41
Q

True or False: Only Photosystem II contains chlorophyll molecules

A

False (Both Photosystem I and II contain chlorophyll.)

42
Q

True or False: Electrons are passed from Photosystem I to Photosystem II.

A

False (Electrons are passed from Photosystem II to Photosystem I.)

43
Q

True or False: The thylakoid space becomes acidic during light reactions due to the proton gradient.

A

T

44
Q

True or False: ATP is produced by cyclic electron flow in the light reactions.

A

T

45
Q

True or False: Photosystem II is responsible for producing NADPH.

A

False (Photosystem I produces NADPH.)

BIOL (22 decks)

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