Ch 3-2

Question 1

Monomer/polymer of protein

Answer 1

Amino acid = basic building block
Polypeptide

Question 2

Composed of one or more polypeptide is __

Answer 2

Protein

Question 3

4 protein functions

Answer 3

1. Enzymatic = speed up chemical rxn in body
2. Transport = allow bulkier things go in and out of cell
3. Hormonal = involve in endocrine system
4. Storage = stores nutrient and release when body need them (amino acid)

Question 4

3 major components of nucleic acid

Answer 4

1. Amine
2. Carboxyl
3. Variable side group (R)

Question 5

WHAT GROUP CARRIES POSITIVE CHARGE

Answer 5

AMINO

Question 6

WHAT GROUP CARRIES NEGATIVE CHARGE

Answer 6

CARBOXYL GROUP

Question 7

HOW MANY AMINO ACIDS ARE THERE

Answer 7

20

Question 8

What are the 3 diff groups of amino acid

Answer 8

1. Non polar (hydrophobic) = CH
2. Polar (hydrophilic) = ON
3. Charged (acidic and basic) = CHARGE

Question 9

In a charged group; acidic (is it neg or positive)

Answer 9

Negative

Question 10

Peptide bond forms through a ___ rxn

Answer 10

Dehydration

Question 11

4 lvls of protein structure

Answer 11

1. Primary = a.a. Sequence
2. Secondary = localized coils and folds
3. Tertiary = overall shape of a polypeptide
4. Quaternary = formed by interactions bw 2 or more polypeptides

Question 12

Primary structure

Answer 12

Composed of a.a
Sequence determines DNA (genes)

Question 13

T OR F: all proteins have a quaternary structure

Answer 13

False

Question 14

How are secondary structure bonded

Answer 14

Hydrogen bonds bw atoms of a polypeptide chain which creates the two shapes (helix and pleated sheet)

Question 15

What level is overall shape of polypeptide created by interactions bw side chains (R)

Answer 15

Tertiary structure

Question 16

What bonds are included in tertiary structure (5)

Answer 16

1. Hydrogen bond
2. Hydrophobic interactions
3. Van der waals
4. Disulfide bridge
5. Ionic bond

Question 17

What happens in quaternary structure

Answer 17

More than 1 polypeptide chains interact tgt to create single functional protein

Question 18

Physical & chemical environment can affect weak chemical bonds which leads to denaturation of protein. Give 3 examples

Answer 18

Salt concentration, pH, temp

Question 19

Monomer of nucleic acid

Answer 19

Nucleotide

Question 20

Difference bw DNA AND RNA

Answer 20

Dna (genes codes for polypeptides)
RNA (serves functions depending on RNA type)

Question 21

3 TYPES OF RNA AND GIVE FUNCTION

Answer 21

1. Messenger = give template for protein synthesis during translation (nucleus -> cytoplasm)
2. Ribosomal = form the core of a cell’s ribosomes (the structures in which protein synthesis takes place)
3. Transfer = it brings amino acids from cytoplasm and reads the genetic code during translation. (Move aa around cell)

Question 22

Whats the monomer for nucleic acid

Answer 22

Nucleotide

Question 23

What is nucleic acid composed of

Answer 23

1. Nitrogenous base (nucleoside)
2. Sugar (pentose)
3. Phosphate group

Question 24

Difference in structure of dna and rna

Answer 24

DNA. = DEOXYRIBOSE (missing oxygen)
RNA = ribose

Question 25

Nitrogenous base has 2 major forms

Answer 25

1) pyrimidines = has 1 6-carbon ring
2) purine = has 1 6-carbong ring and 1 5-carbon ring

Question 26

Accepts and binds hydrogen atoms

Answer 26

Base (nitrogenous base)

Question 27

What reaction occurs in linking nucleotides tgt

Answer 27

Condensation rxn

Question 28

Whatt bond is linkage bw nucleotides

Answer 28

Phosphodiester bond (bw phosphate and sugar)

Question 29

5’ is __ group
3’ is __ group

Answer 29

Phosphate, hydroxyl

Question 30

How many strands in dna and rna

Answer 30

Dna = 2
Rna = 1

Question 31

Nucleic acid function

Answer 31

Main storage molecules for genetic info