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BIOL > Ch 7-3 > Flashcards

Ch 7-3 Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary process that drives ATP production in cellular respiration?

A

Oxidative phosphorylation

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2
Q

What are the products of pyruvate oxidation?

A

Acetyl-CoA, CO2, and NADH.

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3
Q

Where does the electron transport chain occur in eukaryotic cells?

A

Inner mitochondrial membrane

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4
Q

What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration?

A

Oxygen

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5
Q

How many molecules of NADH are produced per turn of the citric acid cycle?

A

Three NADH molecules.

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6
Q

What molecule shuttles electrons between complexes in the electron transport chain?

A

Ubiquinone (Coenzyme Q).

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7
Q

What process follows the electron transport chain to generate ATP?

A

Chemiosmosis

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8
Q

What is the total ATP yield per glucose molecule in cellular respiration?

A

30 to 32 ATP.

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9
Q

What is the function of ATP synthase?

A

To synthesize ATP from ADP and inorganic phosphate using the proton gradient.

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10
Q

What type of organisms use both fermentation and aerobic respiration depending on oxygen availability?

A

Facultative anaerobes

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11
Q

t/f FADH2 generates more ATP than NADH during oxidative phosphorylation.

A

A: False (NADH generates more ATP).

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12
Q

T/F : Proton pumping occurs in complexes I, III, and IV of the electron transport chain.

A

TRUE

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13
Q

T/F: Ubiquinone is a protein that transports electrons between complexes in the electron transport chain.

A

False (Ubiquinone is not a protein).

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14
Q

T/F = Anaerobic respiration produces more ATP than aerobic respiration.

A

False, (aerobic respiration produces more ATP)

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15
Q

T/F : Oxidative phosphorylation requires oxygen to function.

A

True

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16
Q

T/f ; The citric acid cycle produces ATP directly.

A

True (but only one ATP per cycle)

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17
Q

T/F : Cytochrome proteins are involved in electron transport in the electron transport chain.

A

TRUE

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18
Q

T/F: The chemiosmotic process is independent of the electron transport chain.

A

False (it depends on the electron transport chain to create the proton gradient).

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19
Q

T/F: Complex II of the electron transport chain is a proton pump.

A

A: False (Complex II is not a proton pump).

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20
Q

T/F: Facultative anaerobes can switch between fermentation and aerobic respiration.

A

TRUE

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21
Q

What is the main role of NADH and FADH2 in cellular respiration?
(a) Energy storage (b) Electron carriers (c) Oxygen carriers

A

B) ELECTRON CARRIERS

22
Q

How many ATP are generated from one NADH during oxidative phosphorylation?
(a) 1.5 (b) 2.5 (c) 3.5

A

B) 2.5

23
Q

Which process creates the proton gradient used in chemiosmosis?
(a) Glycolysis
(b) Electron transport chain
(c) Citric acid cycle

A

B) ELECTRON TRANSPORT CHAIN

24
Q

What is the maximum number of ATP molecules produced per glucose molecule during aerobic respiration?
a) 32 (b) 24 (c) 18

A

A ) 32

25
Q

Where does pyruvate oxidation occur in eukaryotic cells?
(a) Cytosol (b) Mitochondrial matrix (c) Intermembrane space

A

C) MITOCHONDRIAL MATRIX

26
Q

Which of the following is NOT a product of the citric acid cycle?
(a) NADH (b) FADH2 (c) Oxygen

A

C) O2

27
Q

What is the function of the proton-motive force?
(a) Drive the synthesis of ATP
(b) Produce CO2
(c) Split glucose

A

A) DRIVE THE SYNTHESIS OF ATP

28
Q

How many ATP molecules are produced during glycolysis?
(a) 2 (b) 4 (c) 8

A

A) 2 net atp

29
Q

What molecule is required to start the citric acid cycle?
(a) Pyruvate (b) Acetyl-CoA (c) Glucose

A

B) acetyl-coa

30
Q

Which of the following is the first protein in the electron transport chain?
(a) Cytochrome c (b) Flavoprotein (c) ATP synthase

A

B) flavoprotein

31
Q

What is the end product of chemiosmosis?
(a) Oxygen (b) CO2 (c) ATP

A

C) ATP

32
Q

Where does anaerobic respiration typically occur?
(a) Mitochondria (b) Cytoplasm (c) Nucleus

A

B) CYTOPLASM

33
Q

How does the proton gradient help ATP synthase?
(a) Provides electrons
(b) Powers ATP production
(c) Breaks down glucose

A

B) powers ATP production

34
Q

Which electron carrier enters the electron transport chain at Complex II?
(a) NADH
(b) FADH2
(c) Cytochrome c

A

B) FADH2

35
Q

What is the function of cytochrome proteins in the electron transport chain?

a) Act as electron carriers
(b) Produce ATP
(c) Pump protons

A

A) ACT AS ELECTRON CARRIERS

36
Q

How many protons are pumped into the intermembrane space by NADH?

(a) 2
(b) 3
(c) 6

A

B) 3

37
Q

What is the final product of anaerobic respiration?
(a) Oxygen
(b) Lactic acid
(c) Pyruvate

A

C) lactic acid

38
Q

Which complex in the electron transport chain does not pump protons?
(a) Complex I
(b) Complex II
(c) Complex III

A

B) complex II

39
Q

Which molecule is an alternative electron acceptor in anaerobic respiration?
(a) Sulfate (b) Oxygen (c) NADH

A

A) SULFATE

40
Q

Which process generates the most ATP in cellular respiration?
(a) Glycolysis
(b) Oxidative phosphorylation
(c) Citric acid cycle

A

B) oxidative phosphorylation

41
Q

In which part of the mitochondrion does chemiosmosis occur?

a) Matrix
(b) Intermembrane space
(c) Inner membrane

A

(c) Inner membrane

42
Q

Which of the following occurs first during cellular respiration?
(a) Glycolysis
(b) Citric acid cycle
(c) Electron transport chain

A

A) glycolysis

43
Q

What is the function of Complex IV in the electron transport chain?

a) Pump protons
(b) Transfer electrons to oxygen
(c) Produce ATP

A

B) transfer electrons to oxygen

44
Q

How does the electron transport chain create an electrochemical gradient?
(a) By producing CO2
(b) By pumping protons across the membrane
(c) By synthesizing glucose

A

B) by pumping protons across the membrane

45
Q

Which organisms cannot survive in the presence of oxygen?
(a) Facultative anaerobes
(b) Obligate anaerobes
(c) Aerobic bacteria

A

B) obligate anaerobes

46
Q

Which electron carrier is reduced during glycolysis?

a) FAD (b) NAD+ (c) Ubiquinone

A

B) NAD+

47
Q

What is the role of oxygen in cellular respiration?
(a) ATP producer
(b) Final electron acceptor
(c) Enzyme

A

B) final electron acceptor

48
Q

Which process generates carbon dioxide during cellular respiration?
(a) Glycolysis
(b) Citric acid cycle
(c) Chemiosmosis

A

B) citric acid cycle

49
Q

How many FADH2 molecules are produced per turn of the citric acid cycle?
(a) 1
(b) 2
(c) 3

A

A) 1

50
Q

What happens to NADH in the electron transport chain?
(a) It is oxidized
(b) It is reduced
(c) It is broken down

A

A) it is oxidized

BIOL (31 decks)

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