Ch 8-1 Flashcards
What is photosynthesis?
A process that converts light energy into chemical energy stored in organic molecules.
What are autotrophs?
Organisms that do not rely on other organisms for food.
What are heterotrophs?
Organisms that must feed on other organisms for energy.
Where in a plant does photosynthesis occur?
In the mesophyll cells of leaves.
What is chlorophyll?
A green pigment in chloroplasts that absorbs light energy for photosynthesis.
What two main parts make up the process of photosynthesis?
Light reactions and the Calvin Cycle.
What role does water play in the light reactions?
Water splits to release electrons, protons, and oxygen.
What is the Calvin Cycle?
The cycle that converts carbon dioxide into carbohydrates using energy from light reactions.
What gas is a by-product of photosynthesis?
Oxygen.
What molecule carries electrons in photosynthesis?
NADP+, which becomes NADPH.
What is chemiosmosis in photosynthesis?
A process that generates ATP by moving protons across a membrane.
What is the primary source of carbon in the Calvin Cycle?
Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
What are the energy carriers used in the Calvin Cycle?
ATP and NADPH.
What is the relationship between photosynthesis and cellular respiration?
They are interdependent; products of photosynthesis fuel cellular respiration.
What structure in the leaf allows for gas exchange?
Stomata
Which of the following is not required for photosynthesis?
A) Water
B) Sunlight
C) Carbon dioxide
D) Oxygen
D
Photosynthesis primarily occurs in which part of the plant?
A) Roots
B) Mesophyll cells
C) Stem
D) Phloem
B) Mesophyll cells
Which molecule captures light energy?
A) ATP
B) NADPH
C) Chlorophyll
D) Glucose
C) Chlorophyll
What is the source of electrons for the light reactions?
A) Carbon dioxide
B) Water
C) Oxygen
D) NADPH
B) Water
Which of these is a product of the Calvin Cycle?
A) Oxygen
B) Water
C) Glucose
D) NADP+
C) Glucose
Where do light reactions occur?
A) Stroma
B) Thylakoid membrane
C) Chlorophyll
D) Granum
B) Thylakoid membrane
In photosynthesis, ATP and NADPH are used in which process?
A) Light reactions
B) Calvin Cycle
C) Cellular respiration
D) Photolysis
B) Calvin Cycle
Which of the following is not an autotroph?
A) Plants
B) Fungi
C) Algae
D) Cyanobacteria
B) Fungi
Which of the following is not an autotroph?
A) Plants
B) Fungi
C) Algae
D) Cyanobacteria
B) Fungi
The Calvin Cycle is also known as:
A) Light reactions
B) Dark reactions
C) Cellular respiration
D) Photophosphorylation
B) Dark reactions
The Calvin Cycle is also known as:
A) Light reactions
B) Dark reactions
C) Cellular respiration
D) Photophosphorylation
B) Dark reactions
Which pigment gives plants their green color?
A) Xanthophyll
B) Carotene
C) Chlorophyll
D) Anthocyanin
C) Chlorophyll
Which pigment gives plants their green color?
A) Xanthophyll
B) Carotene
C) Chlorophyll
D) Anthocyanin
C) Chlorophyll
Which process occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast?
A) Light reactions
B) Calvin Cycle
C) Electron transport chain
D) Krebs cycle
B) Calvin Cycle
What is the main purpose of the light reactions?
A) Produce oxygen
B) Generate ATP and NADPH
C) Fix carbon
D) Produce glucose
B) Generate ATP and NADPH
Chemiosmosis in photosynthesis directly results in the production of:
A) NADPH
B) ATP
C) Glucose
D) Oxygen
B) ATP
The gas exchanged through the stomata includes:
A) Carbon dioxide and water vapor
B) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
C) Water vapor only
D) Nitrogen
B) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
Which of the following processes is anabolic?
A) Cellular respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Digestion
D) Fermentation
B) Photosynthesis
Which of the following processes is anabolic?
A) Cellular respiration
B) Photosynthesis
C) Digestion
D) Fermentation
B) Photosynthesis
True or False: Photosynthesis produces energy in the form of ATP.
False (It captures and stores energy, not produces it directly.)
True or False: Chlorophyll absorbs green light.
False (It reflects green light and absorbs other wavelengths.)
True or False: Chlorophyll absorbs green light.
False (It reflects green light and absorbs other wavelengths.)
True or False: Oxygen is a by-product of the Calvin Cycle.
False (Oxygen is a by-product of the light reactions.)
True or False: Photosynthesis is an anabolic pathway.
True
True or False: Only plants are autotrophs.
False (Some bacteria and algae are also autotrophs.)
True or False: The Calvin Cycle is a light-dependent reaction.
False (It is light-independent.)
True or False: NADP+ is reduced to NADPH during the light reactions.
True
True or False: Stomata are involved in water and gas exchange.
True
True or False: ATP and NADPH produced in the Calvin Cycle power the light reactions.
False (ATP and NADPH produced in light reactions power the Calvin Cycle.)
True or False: Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts.
True
True or False: The Calvin Cycle produces oxygen as a by-product.
False (The light reactions produce oxygen.)
True or False: Carbon fixation occurs in the Calvin Cycle.
True
True or False: The thylakoid membrane is the site of the Calvin Cycle.
False (The thylakoid membrane is the site of the light reactions.)
True or False: Chlorophyll is found in the stroma.
False (It is found in the thylakoid membrane.)
True or False: Photosynthesis requires carbon dioxide, water, and light.
True
