Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

MBC > CH 11 CARDIO DEFINITIONS > Flashcards

CH 11 CARDIO DEFINITIONS Flashcards

1
Q

aorta

A

largest artery in the body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

apex of the heart

A

lower tip of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

arteriole

A

small artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

artery

A

largest type of blood vessel; carries blood away from the heart to all parts of the body; notice that artery and away begin with an a- therefore, all arteries carry blood away from heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

atrioventricular bundle (bundle of HIS)

A

specialized muscle fibers connecting the atria with the ventricles and transmitting electrical impulses between them; his is pronounced “hiss” for the sound it makes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

atrioventricular node AV Node

A

specialized tissue in the wall between the atria; electrical impulses pass from the pacemaker (SA node) through the AV node and the atrioventricular bundle or bundle of His towards the ventricles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

atrium

A

one of two upper chambers of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

atria

A

plural; atrium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

capillary

A

smallest type of blood vessel; materials pass to and from the bloodstream through the thin capillary walls

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

carbon dioxide (C02)

A

gas (waste) released by the body cells, transported via veins to the heart, and then to the lungs for exhalation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

carotid arteries

A

two common carotid arteries located on each side of the neck branch from the aorta and provide blood to the head, neck and brain. the word carotid comes from a greek word meaning stupor because pressure on these arteries produces unconsciousness

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

coronary arteries

A

blood vessels that branch from the aorta and carry oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

deoxygenated blood

A

blood that is oxygen poor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

diastole

A

relaxation phase of the heartbeat; from greek diastole, which means dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

electrocardiogram

A

record of the electrical activity of the heart; the electricity is represented by waves or deflections called P, QRS, T

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

endocardium

A

inner lining of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

endothelium

A

innermost lining of blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

mitral valve

A

valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle; bicuspid valve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

murmur

A

abnormal swishing sound caused by improper closure of the heart valves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

myocardium

A

muscular middle layer of the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

normal sinus rhythm

A

heart rhythm originating in the sinoatrial node with a rate in patients at rest of 60 to 100 beats per minute

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

oxygen

A

gas that enters the blood through the lungs and travels to the heart to be pumped via arteries to all body cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

pacemaker (sinoatrial node SA node)

A

specialized nervous tissue in the right atrium that begins the heartbeat. an artificial cardiac pacemaker is an electrical apparatus implanted in the chest to stimulate heart muscle that is weak and not functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

pericardium

A

double layered membrane surrounding the heart

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
pulmonary artery
artery that carries oxygen poor blood from the heart to the lungs- the only artery in the body that carries oxygen deficient blood
26
pulmonary valve
valve positioned between the right ventricle and the pulmonary artery
27
pulmonary vein
one of two pairs of vessels carrying oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart - the only vein that carries oxygen rich blood
28
pulmonary circulation
flow of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart
29
pulse
beat of the heart as felt through the walls of the arteries
30
septum
partition or wall dividing a cavity; such as between the right and left atria (interatrial septum) and right and left ventricles (interventricular septum)
31
sinoatrial node SA node
pacemaker of the heart
32
sphygomomanometer
instrument to measure blood pressure
33
systemic circulation
flow of blood from body tissue to the heart and then from the heart back to body tissues
34
systole
contraction phase of the heartbeat; from greek systole, meaning contraction
35
tricuspid valve
located between the right atrium and the right ventricle; it has three leaflets, or cusps
36
valve
structure in the veins or in the heart that temporarily closes an opening so that blood flows in only one direction
37
vein
thin-walled vessel that carries blood from body tissues and lungs back to the heart; veins contain valves to prevent blood from flowing backwards
38
vena cava
largest vein in the body; the superior and inferior venae cavae return blood to the right atrium of the heart
39
ventricle
one of two lower chambers of the heart
40
venule
small vein
41
septa
plural; septum
42
venae cavae
plural; vena cava
43
angiogram
record of blood vessels
44
angioplasty
medical repair of blood vessels
45
aortic stenosis
narrowing of the aortic valve opening
46
arteriosclerosis
hardening of an artery with fatty plaque
47
arterial anastomosis
new surgical connection between two arteries
48
arteriorgraphy
xray record of arteries with contrast
49
endarterectomy
surgical removal of plaque from the inner layer of an artery
50
atheroma
mass of fatty plaque in artery; artheromas are collections of plaque that protrude into the lumen (opening) of an artery, weakening the muscle lining
51
athersclerosis
the major form of arteriosclerosis in which deposits of yellow plaque (atheromas) containing cholesterol and lipids are found within the lining of the artery
52
artherectomy
removal of plaque in arteries
53
atrial
pertaining to the upper chamber of the heart
54
atrioventricular
pertaining to the atrioventricular (bundle, node or block)
55
brachial artery
artery that carries blood to the arm
56
cardiomegaly
enlargement of the heart
57
cardiomyopathy
disease of the heart muscle
58
hypertrophic cardiomyopathy
a type of myopathy with abnormal thickening of the heart muscle, usually in the left ventricle. the ventricle has to work harder to pump blood. the condition may be inherited or develop over time because of high blood pressure or aging. often the cause is unknown (idiopathic)
59
bradycardia
slow heartbeat, slower than 60 bpm. brady means slow
60
tachycardia
fast beatbeat greater than 100 bpm. tachy means fast
61
supraventricular tachycardia (SVT)
involves rapid beats coming from the atria (above the ventricles) and causing palpitation (abnormal sensations in the chest)
62
cardiogenic shock
circulatory failure due to poor heart health- results from failure of the heart in its pumping action
63
shock
circulatory failure associated with inadequate delivery of oxygen and nutrients to body tissues
64
hypercholesterolemia
high levels of cholesterol in the blood
65
statins
drugs that work by blocking a key enzyme in the production of cholesterol by the liver
66
coronary arteries
branches of the aorta that bring oxygenated blood to the heart. these arteries come down over the top of the heart like a crown; thus coron/crown coronation is to crown a king
67
cyanosis
abnormal condition of blue skin due to diminished oxygen content of the blood
68
myxoma
benign tumor in connective tissue of the heart muscle; cells are embedded in the soft mucoid stromal tissue; these rare tumors most frequently occur in the left atrium
69
hypoxia
deficient oxygen; inadequate oxygen in tissues
70
anoxia
an extreme state of hypoxia where no oxygen may be present in the blood
71
pericardiocentisis
removal of excess fluid from the pericardial space
72
phlebotomy
incision of a vein for removal of blood. a phlebotomist is trained in opening veins for phlebotomy.
73
thrombophlebitis
inflammation of a vein associated with a clot. often shorted to phlebitis. if the affected vein is deep within a muscle, the condition is deep vein thrombosis DVT
74
arrhythmia
irregular/abnormal heartbeat (a/rhythm- without rhythm)
75
dysrhythmia
also used to describe an abnormal heart rhythm- one R is dropped
76
sphygmomanometer sfig-mom-an-o-meter
instrument to measure blood pressure
77
stethoscope
instrument for listening to sounds in the chest. it is a misnomer because the examination is done by ear, not by eye.
78
auscultation
listening to sounds within the body, typically with a stethoscope
79
thrombolysis
destruction or breakdown of a clot
80
valvuloplasty
surgical repair of a valve; a balloon-tipped catheter dilates a cardiac valve
81
mitral valvulitis
inflammation of the mitral valve; commonly associated with rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease caused by inadequate treatment of a streptococcal infection. an autoimmune reaction occurs, leading to inflammation and damage to the heart valves
82
valvotomy
incision of a valve
83
vasoconstriction
narrowing of a blood vessel
84
constriction
to tighten or narrow
85
vasodilation
widening of a blood vessel
86
vascular
pertaining to blood vessels
87
venous
pertaining to a vein
88
venous cutdown
a small surgical incision to permit access to a collapsed vein
89
intravenous infusion (IV)
delivery of fluids into a vein
90
venipuncture
incision of a vein to remove blood- this is performed for phlebotomy or to start an intravenous infusion
91
interventricular septum
wall between the ventricles of the heart

MBC (38 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions