Cardiovascular System Flashcards
What’s the role of the system
To carry blood around the body
What is blood to the body
It’s fuel supply not contains nutrients like oxygen and waste products of co2
What does the system comprises of
Blood
Heart
Series of arteries/veins/cappilaries
Facts on the heart
It’s an efficient pump
It contracts and relaxes
A heart beat is one contraction and one relaxation
Why does heart rate increase when you exercise
It needs to provide more oxygen to working muscles so has to work with a harder demand quickly
What are the 4 main sections of the heart
Right ventricle
Left ventricle
Righty atrium
Left atrium
What are the blood vessels in the heart
Arteries
Veins
Capillaries
Describe the arteries and why they’re like this
Thick muscular wall and small internal diameter
^ this is to carry oxygenated blood away from the heart quickly under pressure
They don’t have valves
What’s different about the pulmonary artery
Carries deoxygenated blood where artery’s usually carry oxygenated blood
Describe capillaries
Microscopic blood vessels that link arteries to veins
Very think walls to allow co2 and o2 to pass through during gaseous exchange
Deoxygenated blood becomes oxygenated here
Describe the veins
Have thinner walls but larger internal diameter than arteries
This is because blood pressure is low in veins
They contain valves that open to the pressure of blood flow and the close so the blood doesn’t flow backwards
What happens to deoxygenated blood in the pathway of the blood
It enters the right atrium from the superior and inferior vena cava
Then passes through a valve to the right ventricle
Then pumped out of the heart through the pulmonary artery which transports the blood to the lungs
What happens to oxygenated blood in the pathway of blood
The pulmonary vein transport the blood from the lungs to the left atrium
It then passes through a valve to the left ventricle
It’s then ejected from the ventricle and through the aorta to the rest of the body
