Cardiovascular Histology Terms

Question 1

Underlying contractile subendothelial connective tissue containing smooth muscle cells that secrete ground substance, collagen and elastic fibers

Answer 1

Tunica intima

Question 2

40-70 layers of elastic fibers forming lamellae in tunica media that permit diffusion of nutrients within the vascular wall.

Answer 2

Tunica media of large/elastic arteries (such as the aorta)

Question 3

Thin connective tissue layer with loosely organized collagen and elastic fibers, macrophages vasa vasorum and nervi vascularis (vasorum)

Answer 3

Tunica adventitia of large/elastic arteries

Question 4

Tunica Media of arteries that have smooth muscle cells of 8-40 layers

Answer 4

Medium/Muscular Arteries

Question 5

Tunica media of arteries that have 3-8 layers of smooth muscle cells arranged in circular fashion

Answer 5

Small artery

Question 6

Tunica media of arteries that have 1-2 layers of smooth muscle cells

Answer 6

Arteriole

Question 7

What is the vessel is the major determinants of blood pressure?

Answer 7

Arterioles

Question 8

Locations of Continuous/Somatic Capillary

Answer 8

Found in vessels that form barriers in organs such as brain, thymus, lung, testis, etc.
-Connective Tissue
-Muscle Tissue
-Nerve tissue
-Exocrine glands
-Cerebral cortex

Question 9

Locations of fenestrated/visceral capillary

Answer 9

Tight junctions present between endothelial cells:
-Peptide-secreting endocrine organs
-Ciliary processes (eye)
-Choroid plexus (ventricles)
-Kidney-glomeruli
-Lamina Propria of GIT

Question 10

Locations of Discontinuous/Sinusoidal capillary

Answer 10

Absence of tight junction between the cells
-Liver
-Spleen
-Bone marrow

Question 11

Histamine and serotine are what kind of agents?

Answer 11

Vasoactive agents

Question 12

Cells that play an important role in “homing effect” in lymphoid organs

Answer 12

High endothelial vessels

Question 13

Functions of valves

Answer 13

Folds of tunica intima supported by fibro-elastic connective tissue and function to prevent the backflow of blood

Question 14

High compliance vessels

Answer 14

Veins (highly distensible)

Question 15

When the inner wall separates/tears from the middle layer of the artery

Answer 15

Aortic Dissection

Question 16

Which artery is most often affected by aortic dissection?

Answer 16

Thoracic aorta

Question 17

Caused by a weakening in the layers of the blood vessel wall due to congenital connective tissue defect of the fibers in tunic media

Answer 17

Aneurysm

Question 18

First part of the subclavian artery (medial to scalene)

Answer 18

Vertebral Artery
Internal Thoracic Artery
Thyrocervical Trunk

Question 19

2nd part of the subclavian artery (posterior to scalene)

Answer 19

Costocervical trunk

Question 20

3rd part of the subclavian artery (lateral to scalene)

Answer 20

Dorsal scapular

Question 21

Which types of vessels are capacitance vessels?

Answer 21

Veins