caffeine Flashcards
stimulant biological definition
substance that raises levels of physiological or nervous activity in the body
suppresses inhibition
sympathomimetic
mimics activity of the sympathetic nervous system
fight/flight arosaul
parasympathetic suppression
stimulant behavioural definition
chemicals that induce temporary improvements in mental/physical function
fine line between happy and panic
stimulant ambiguitiy in attribution
reinterpret ambiguous cues based on environmental cues
allows for different interpretation
james lange theory: fine line between happy and panic depends on how you interpret
2 stimulant characteristics
state dependant memory
- more efficient under similar conditions of encoding
speed/accuracy tradeoff
- go too quickly you mess up for new behaviours
methyl-xanthines
naturally found in plants and human body
organic soluble
caffeine metabolites
caffeine–> theophylline/bromine–> paraxanthine
active metabolites
xanthine structural similarity
serotonin, histamine, dopamine
neuromodulator
chemical used by a neuron to communicate to other neutrons about their function but not activate
- regulate gene expression and set points (TF)
adenosine characteristics
inhibit sleep/arosual - glutamate antagonist in striatum
dopamine antagonist
caffeine as an antagonist
adenosine antagonist (A1)
A1 receptors - retrograde messenger- dampen communication
depression of NMDA receptor (memory)
caffeine does opposite
caffeine facilitation of memory and synaptic plasticity
facilitates memory and plasticity to a point
hyper activation results in inability to focus
A1 and A2 receptors responsible for
oxygen in blood flow reducing heart rate opening BBB inhibit melanoma cells anti-inflammation
caffeine behavioural effects
elevates mood - dopamine not serotonin
performance enhancement
decreasing fatigue - don’t get more tired
caffeine absorption and elimination
first order reaction- variable
dose dependant
time to peak decreases if sugar added
