Boi chtp 4 Flashcards
What needs energy?
everything needs energy
What happens when energy is used?
some of the energy is lost
whats the difference btwn autotrophs and heterotrophs?
other names for these?
autotrophs (producers) they make food
heterotrophs (consumers) they dont make ther own food.
what is ATP stand for
Adenosin Triphosphate
What 3 things do organisms store enrgy as?
What is used first?
Last?
First: Carbs
Second: Lipids
Last: Protein
What do plants store as energy?
What do animals store as energy?
Plants: starch
Animals: glycogen
What is the benefit of using ATP over starch and glycogen?
ATP can be tapped into faster, its smaller, and its useable energy
What are the 3 parts of ATP
phosphate - 3 groups
RIbose - 5 carbon sugar
Adenine - base found in DNA
Where is energy stored in the molecule?
How do you access that energy
Energy is stored in the phosphate bonds
you get the energy by breaking the bonds
What does ATP turn into when you use it?
What is that used ATP called?
ADP
adenosine diphosphate
How is ADP turned back into ATP?
Where can this happen?
ADP turned back to ATP by adding a phosphate
this can happen in the mitochondria
What is photosynthesis
Converting light energy into chemical energy
what organisms use photosynthesis
plants and algae
What color is chlorophyll?
what does it do in the process of photosynthesis
Its green
It absorbs light for the PS2 and PS1
What color light does plants find most useful?
what color do they find least useful?
Plants love red and blue
plants least use green
Where does photosynthesis take place
it takes place in the chloroplasts
what 3 things does the Calvin cycle depend on?
ATP
NADPH
CO2
What 4 things is need for photosynthesizes to be possible?
light
oxygen
water
nutrients (remember nutrients)
what type of photosynthesis do most plants do?
what does corn do?
most plants use C3 photosynthesis
corn used C4
The difference us C4 is more water efficient
the chemical formula of photosynthesis
6H2O + 6CO2 –> C6H12O6 + 6O2
what is cellular respiration
The break down food and making it into APT
What is the difference btwn aerobic and anaerobic respiration
Aerobic - need oxygen
anaerobic - doesn’t need oxygen
How much net energy is made from glycolysis
you get 2 net energy
what is another name for the Krebs cycle
citric acid cycle
what system produces the most ATP?
How much does it make?
ECT
36-38 ATP
What is fermentation?
What are the 2 types?
Its the break down of food with out the presence of O2
1 Alcoholic fermentation
2 Lactic acid fermentation
What uses lactic acid fermentation?
animals and bacteria
What is metabolism?
energy to do life processes
what happens to metabolism with environmental conditions?
its changes with the environment.
whawhat is the difference btwn anabolism and catabolism
Ananbolism - builds molecules and store energy
Catabolism - breaks down molecuels & releases energy
what does the ending (ate) mean?
oxygen
