Bio Review chapter 2-2 Flashcards
What are the 4 main groups of organic compounds
Cards, lipids, proteins, & Nucleic Acids
what are cards made of?
what do they do
made of C,H,O
store energy
what is the differance btwn monosaccharides and disaccharides
monosaccharides - simple sugars (glucose, ribose, and fructose)
disaccharides - monosaccharides joined together
what type of saccharide if glucose
where does this sugar come from
monosaccaride
plant
what is dehydration synthesis
water is given off to make a new substance
where is lactose and sucrose found
lactose - milk
sucrose - table sugar
what is hydrolysis
the processes of diccacharides broken down to make momosaccharides
what type of saccharide is starch ad glycogen
polysaccharides
what is starch
energy storage for plants
what is glycogen
energy storage for animals
where is cellulose founds
why is it important even though humans can’t digest it
what type of saccaride is this
in plant walls
it makes fiber
polysacchairde
what are lipids
Fatty acids (store energy)
what are the functions of lipids
stores energy
what does it mean when it says lipids are semi-soluble
some of the fat desolve while some doesn’t
how much energy can lipids store compared to muscle
2 times more
what is the difference btwn hydrophilic and hydrophobic
hydrophilic - likes water
hydrophobic - hates water
what is the difference btwn saturated and unsaturated triglycerides
saturated - single bonds, solid at room temp
unsaturated - double bonds, liquids
what are cell membranes made of?
Phospholipids
what is the purpose of proteins
what are the building block of protein
needed for every function
Carbon
hydrogen
oxygen
nitrogen
how many amino acids are there?
how many are essential?
20
9
humans make 11
why is this order of amino acids important
because the order gives you different proteins
what type of bonds hold amino acids together
peptide bonds
what happens if the shape of the amino acids is broken
it will not function
what do nucleic acids make?
DNA and RNA
what is DNA important
blue print of organisms
what is a enzyme
biological catalyst
what is a catalyst
lowers activation energy for reaction to occur
what does it mean to reduce the activation energy
the reaction will slow
what happens to the function of enzymes if you body is no longer in homeostasis
your body wont properly function correctly
What is the lock and key model for enzymes
enzymes that have a specific job to make a product
