BB EOYS8 Flashcards
Tuberomamillary (TMN) system is involved in keeping the body awake. Which molecule controls it?
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Orexins
Melatonin
Histamines
Tuberomamillary (TMN) system is involved in keeping the body awake. Which molecule controls it?
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Orexins
Melatonin
Histamines
GABA & Galanin neurons project from which nucleus?
Paraventricular nucleus
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Arcuate nucleus
Pre-optic nucleus
Supraoptic nucleus
GABA & Galanin neurons project from which nucleus?
Paraventricular nucleus
Suprachiasmatic nucleus
Arcuate nucleus
Pre-optic nucleus (sleep promoting (I think))
Supraoptic nucleus
Which stage of sleep normally lasts the longest?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
REM
Which stage of sleep normally lasts the longest?
Stage 1
Stage 2
Stage 3
Stage 4
REM
which of the following is a benzodiazapene prescribed for chronic insomnia?
- lorazepam
- temazepam
- Zolpidem
- eszopiclone
which of the following is a benzodiazapene prescribed for chronic insomnia?
- lorazepam - short term
- temazepam - short term
- Zolpidem - long term & z drug
- eszopiclone
which of the following has the shortest half life?
- lorazepam
- temazepam
- Zolpidem
- eszopiclone
which of the following has the shortest half life?
- lorazepam
- temazepam
- Zolpidem
- eszopiclone
benzos: long half life; z drugs: short half life
A deficiency in which of the following causes narcolepsy?
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Orexins
Melatonin
Histamines
A deficiency in which of the following causes narcolepsy?
Dopamine
Noradrenaline
Orexins
Melatonin
Histamines
Which of the following is depicted
Resting tremor
Postural tremor
Intentional tremor
Dystonia
Which of the following is depicted
Intentional tremor: occurs with a goal-directed movement and worsens as approaching the target
Which of the following genes involved in SCH is responsible for neurodevelopment and also signalling in corticolimbic areas
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following genes involved in SCH is responsible for neurodevelopment and also signalling in corticolimbic areas
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following genes involved in SCH causes synaptic plasticity and myelination
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following genes involved in SCH causes synaptic plasticity and myelination
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following genes involved in SCH may affect dopamine D2 receptor levels and glutamate and GABA transmission
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following genes involved in SCH may affect dopamine D2 receptor levels and glutamate and GABA transmission
Dysbindin
DISC1
COMT
BDNF
Neuregulin 1
Which of the following is implicated in SCH?
A
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is implicated in SCH?
A dorsolateral prefontal
B
C
D
E
Which of the following is most likely causing A?
Epilepsy
Parkinsons
Schizophrenia
Multiple sclerosis
Huntingdons
Which of the following is most likely causing A?
Epilepsy
Parkinsons
Schizophrenia
Multiple sclerosis
Huntingdons
Label A & B [1]
Which one is hyperactive in SCH? [1]
Which one is hypoactive in SCH? [1]
A: mesolimbic system - hyperactive
B: mesocortical system: hypoactive
Typical anti-psychotics have which of the following effect?
Relieve postive and negative symptoms
Relieve positive symptoms only
Relieve negative symptoms only
Relieve cognitive symptoms only
Typical anti-psychotics have which of the following effect?
Relieve postive and negative symptoms
Relieve positive symptoms only
Relieve negative symptoms only
Relieve cognitive symptoms only
Which of the following is tardive dyskinesia
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is tardive dyskinesia
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is acute dystonia
A
B
C
D
Which of the following is acute dystonia
A
B
C
D
Prolonged used of typical anti-psychotics may leda to which syndrome? [1]
neuroleptic malignant syndrome
Alchohol / ethanol decreases the effect of which channel to cause psychodepression?
Na+
K+
Cl-
Ca2+
H+
Alchohol / ethanol decreases the effect of which channel to cause psychodepression?
Na+
K+
Cl-
Ca2+
H+
DOES NOT act on a single specific receptor protein.
Which of the following inibits dopamine uptake?
Caffeine
MDMA
Alcohol
Cannabis
Cocaine
Which of the following inibits dopamine uptake?
Caffeine
MDMA
Alcohol
Cannabis
Cocaine
What does the yellow rectangle represent?
Caffeine
MDMA
Alcohol
Cannabis
Cocaine
What does the yellow rectangle represent?
Caffeine
MDMA
Alcohol
Cannabis
Cocaine
Which of the following is an adenosine antagonist?
Caffeine
MDMA
Alcohol
Cannabis
Cocaine
Which of the following is an adenosine antagonist?
Caffeine: adenosine promotes sleep
What are the 3 mechanisms of acton of MDMA use? [3]
3 key functions:
I. Stimulate release of catecholamines
II. Inhibit catecholamine recapture by the uptake system
III. Inhibit monoamine oxidase (MAO) activity
Which specific receptors do atypical anti-pyschotics target?
5-HT1A
Na
5-HT2A
D1
Which specific receptors do atypical anti-pyschotics target?
5-HT1A
Na
5-HT2A strong antagonists; weak D2 receptors
D1
Which of the following anti-pyschotics is particularly useful for negative symptoms?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Which of the following anti-pyschotics is particularly useful for negative symptoms?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Which of the following anti-pyschotics is a partial agonist at pre-synaptic D2 but an antagonist at post-synaptic D2?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Which of the following anti-pyschotics is a partial agonist at pre-synaptic D2 but an antagonist at post-synaptic D2?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Which of the following may cause an increased risk of infection?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
Which of the following may cause an increased risk of infection?
Risperidone
Quetiapine
Aripiprazole
Clozapine
Olanzapine
State two key AEs of using typical anti-pyschotics? [2]
(that are non-pyramidal)
weight gain
rise in prolactin: sexual dysfunction, galactorrhoea, amenorrhea
Cannabis binds to CB1 receptors. Which enzyme does this subsequently inhibit? [1]
Inhibit Adenylate cyclase, thus inhibiting voltage-dependent calcium channels.