BACTE LAB LA2 Flashcards
deals with detecting, culturing, and identifying microorganisms like bacteria, fungi, viruses, etc.
MICROBIOLOGY LABORATORY
Example of Obligate Anaerobes
- Clostridium
- Bacteroides
- Fusobacterium
- Pepto streptococcus
also known as tissue culture hoods, are
designed to provide personnel, environmental and product protection when
appropriate practices and procedures are followed
Biological Safety Cabinets
BSC certification validity
12 months
Operate the BSC _________ for at least ______________ before beginning work to
allow the BSC to “purge” particulates
blowers, 3-5 minutes
Disinfect all interior surfaces of BSC work area with an appropriate surface
disinfectant which include:
10% bleach followed by 70% ethanol
Perform all operations at least _____________ from the front grille on the work surface.
4 inches
is a spill that is one that the laboratory staff is capable of handling safely without the assistance of safety and emergency personnel
MINOR SPILL
In minor spill Allow disinfectant _______________ of contact time before wiping up the spill.
20 minutes
In minor spills Allow BSC to run an additional ___________ before resuming work or shutting down.
10 minutes
is a spill requires active assistance from emergency personnel.
MAJOR SPILL
are commonly used in healthcare settings to sterilize medical devices.
AUTOCLAVES
The items to be sterilized are placed inside an autoclaves’ pressure vessel or is commonly referred to as the ____________
chamber
How often is the checking for AUTOCLAVE timing
Quarterly
Three factors are critical to ensuring successful steam sterilization in an autoclave:
time, temperature and steam
quality
3 Phases of Autoclave Process
Conditioning Phase
Exposure Phase
Exhaust Phase
Air inhibits sterilization and must be removed from the chamber during the first phase of the sterilization cycle known as ______________________
Conditioning
use steam to displace the air in the chamber and force
the air down the sterilizer drain.
Gravity-type sterilizers
After the air is removed, the sterilizer drain closes and steam is continuously admitted into the chamber, rapidly increasing the pressure and temperature inside to a predetermined level. The cycle enters the ________________ and items are held at the sterilization temperature for a fixed amount of time required to sterilize them.
Exposure Phase
During the final phase of the cycle, the sterilizer drain is opened and steam is removed, depressurizing the vessel and allowing the items in the load to dry.
Exhaust Phase
are designed to validate that an autoclave run was successful at killing microorganisms
Biological indicator systems
__________________________ spores are highly resistant to steam and vaporized hydrogen peroxide and are therefore most commonly used in biological indicator tests.
Geobacillus stearothermophilus
are used to validate whether an autoclave is working properly.
Chemical and biological indicators
are quick to read, but generally, only demonstrate that the autoclave has reached a certain minimum temperature.
Chemical indicators
They do not give an indication of how long that high temperature was held or whether the procedure was sufficient to provide adequate sterilization.
Chemical indicators
take more time to read but measure the
growth or inhibition of bacterial spores generally known to have high resistance
to steam and vaporized hydrogen peroxide.
Biological indicators
G. stearothermophilus spores are
inactivated when exposed to temperatures of _______ for at least ____________
121.1oC, 20 minutes
irreversibly change color after being exposed to normal autoclave operating temperatures of 121oC (250oF) at 15
psi.
Chemical Indicators
can give you a quick visual reference for heat penetration inside the
load. They are frequently sold as paper or card strips that are positioned near
the center of each load, and toward the bottom front of the autoclave.
Chemical Indicators
are not designed nor intended to prove that
organisms were actually killed during a decontamination cycle
Chemical Indicators
Measures the precision in determining the mass of solid objects, liquids, powders, and granular substances.
Top Loading Balance
Calibrate weight balance every ______
Monthly
is used mainly in laboratories requiring moderately precise volume measurements . It is narrow and cylindrical with markings for volume measurement. Along with the volume of liquid, it is also indirectly used to measure the mass of a solid.
Graduated Cylinder
Are containers made of glass, plastic, borosilicate or related substances, and topped by special caps or stoppers. They are intended to contain chemicals in liquid or powder form for laboratories and stored in cabinets or on shelves.
Media Bottle
It helps grow microorganisms by providing an artificial environment, preparing stock cultures, and performing various biochemical tests.
standard test tube
The microbiology laboratory uses test tubes with __________, and the open end is plain without lips
borosilicate glass
provides a broader surface area for growing the organism than tubes and bottles.
Petridish
Inventor of Petri Dish
German bacteriologist Julius Richard Petri
designed for use with isopropyl alcohol, denatured ethyl alcohol, or methylated spirits.
ALCOHOL LAMP
benchtop laboratory tools that are used to heat evenly and mix various types of liquids and solutions
Hotplates and hotplate stirrers
hot plates that are used for heating only
Conventional Hot Plates
able to simultaneously heat and mix.
combination hotplate stirrers
is molded of silicone rubber to provide superior protection for handling hot or cold objects.
Hot Hand Protector
HOTHANDS withstands temperatures up to _______________ or down to ____________________.
500°F (260°C), -70°F (-57°C)
hand-held and compact appliances that introduce microorganisms like bacteria or yeast into plated or tubed growth media before incubation, multiplication, or growth
Inoculating loops and needles
a possible substitute for sterilizing the loops and wire
bacterial incinerator
is a laboratory tool used in histology and microbiology to hold and facilitate the staining of microscope slides
slide staining rack
it helps highlight specific structures or components within the samples.
Staining
is used to set the desired temperature of the
incubator
Thermostat
This is the most common type of incubator used in most
of the laboratories. These incubators are the basic types of incubators with
temperature control and insulation.
Benchtop incubators
incubators are the special kinds of incubators that are
provided with automatic control of CO2 and humidity
CO2 incubators
CO2 incubators are used for the growth of the cultivation of different bacteria requiring ______ of CO2 concentration
5-10%
For incubation at temperatures below the ambient,
incubators are fitted with modified refrigeration systems with heating and
cooling controls
Cooled incubator
A thermostatically controlled shaker incubator is another
piece of apparatus used to cultivate microorganisms.
Shaker incubator
s are smaller in size and are used in
fieldwork, e.g. environmental microbiology and water examination
Portable incubator -
