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Phase I Medicine > B4 Thrombosis and Coagulation > Flashcards

B4 Thrombosis and Coagulation Flashcards

1
Q

What are platelets?

A

Irregularly shaped cells that don’t have a nucleus

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2
Q

What are platelets derived from?

A

Megakaryocytes in the bone marrow

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3
Q

What is the life span of platelets?

A

5-9 days in circulation

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4
Q

What hormone is responsible for the regulation of platelet production?

A

Thrombopoeitin (TPO)

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5
Q

What organs produce thrombopoeitin?

A

Liver and Kidney

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6
Q

What happens to old platelets?

A

They are destroyed by macrophages in the spleen and liver

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7
Q

What are the properties of platelet reserves?

A

Found in spleen

Released by splenic contraction

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8
Q

What is the first step in megakaryocyte differentiation?

A

DNA duplication

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9
Q

True or false? Megakaryocytes can contain up to 32 copies of their DNA?

A

False - They can contain up to 64 copies

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10
Q

How do platelets form from megakaryocytes?

A

Cytoplasm budding off the membrane

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11
Q

What happens after all of the platelets have been made?

A

All that remains of the megakaryocyte is the cell nucleus.

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12
Q

What happens to the megakaryocyte remnants after platelet production?

A

The cell nucleus is destroyed by macrophages in the lung

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13
Q

How many platelets can be released from megakaryocytes?

A

2000-5000

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14
Q

What 3 granules do platelets contain?

A

Dense
Lamda
Alpha

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15
Q

What are the properties of dense granules?

A

Contain ADP/ ATP, Calcium and Serotonin

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16
Q

What is the function of dense granules?

A

Helps to stimulate aggregation

17
Q

What is the main property of lambda granules?

A

Contain hydrolytic enzymes

18
Q

What are the properties of alpha granules

A 
Contain a bunch of clotting factors including:
Platelet factor 4
TGFB1 (Transforming growth factor B1)
PDGF (Platelet derived growth factor)
Fibronectin
vWF
Fibrogen
Coagulation factors V and XIII 
B-Thromboglobulin
19
Q

What is thromboxane A2 responsible for?

A

Stimulates platelet production and aggregation

20
Q

What is Thrombospondin- 1?

A

Anti-angiogenesis regulator

21
Q

What does Sphingospine - 1 - Phosphate do?

A

Regulates angiogenesis and immune function

Phase I Medicine (46 decks)

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