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FD9 > 86 - Telogen Effluvium > Flashcards

86 - Telogen Effluvium Flashcards

1
Q

Characterized by a premature termination of the anagen phase of hair follicles, with a resultant increase in telogen phase hairs leading to excessive and diffuse loss of club hairs

A

Telogen effluvium

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2
Q

Most common cause of diffuse hair loss

A

Telogen effluvium

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3
Q

Approximately, the loss of more than _____% of scalp hairs has been reported to be necessary to clinically detect diffuse hair loss

A

25

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4
Q

3 subgroups of telogen effluvium

A

Classic acute telogen effluvium
Chronic diffuse telogen hair loss
Chronic telogen effluvium

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5
Q

Most classic type of TE

A

Acute TE

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6
Q

In acute TE, acute and diffuse hair shedding is noted _____ months from causative events

A

2 to 4

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7
Q

Telogen hair shedding may last longer than 6 months

Secondary to various causes including thyroid disorders, acrodermatitis entertopathica, malnutrition, and drugs

A

Chronic diffuse telogen hair loss

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8
Q

Idiopathic form of diffuse club hair loss seen in middle-aged women
Telogen hair shedding extends more than 6 months to several years with fluctuation

A

Chronic telogen effluvium

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9
Q

Potential etiologies: Acute TE

A 
Effluvium of the newborn
Febrile illness
Surgery
Pregnancy
Weight loss (crash diet)
Drugs (may cause CDHTL)
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10
Q

Potential etiologies: CDTHL

A 
Thyroid disease
Aging
Malnutrition
Iron deficiency (controversial)
Zinc deficiency (severe cases)
Systemic illness
Psychological stress (controversial)
STD (HIV infection and syphilis)
Miscellaneous
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11
Q

Potential etiologies: Chronic TE

A

Idiopathic (shortening of anagen)

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12
Q

On average, telogen hair accounts for around _____% of scalp hair

A

10

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13
Q

In effluvium of the newborn, the shedding starts within _____ after birth

A

4 months

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14
Q

Probably the most widely recognized form of classic TE

A

Postpartum alopecia or

Telogen gravidarum

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15
Q

Postpartum alopecia is observed _____ after childbirth

A

2 to 3 months

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16
Q

Calorie restriction of _____ has been reported to be associated with hair loss

A

0 to 1200 kcal per day

17
Q

5 distinct pathogenesis accounting for TE

A 
Immediate anagen release
Delayed anagen release
Short anagen
Immediate telogen release
Delayed telogen release

Modulated exogen (postulated)

18
Q

The hair follicle is programmed to release club hair to approximately _____ after the end of previous anagen and enters into new anagen

A

100 days

19
Q

Club hairs are shed from the telogen root sheath sac

A

Exogen

20
Q

Telogen hair follicle without the hair shaft

A

“Kenogen” follicles

21
Q

A daily telogen hair loss more than _____ has been widely used as the “gold standard” for distinguishing abnormal hair loss

A

100

22
Q

Hair pull test needs to be repeated in at least _____ scalp areas

A

3

Including the frontal, occipital, and temporal regions

23
Q

The presence of tapered “pencil point” hairs suggests

A

Alopecia areata

24
Q

Trichoscopy findings in TE

A

Decrease in hair density and empty hair openings or short-vellus hairs

25
Q

Y/N: Diagnosis of TE by trichoscopy is based on exclusion

A

Yes

26
Q

Histopathologic findings in TE

A

Normal total hair count
Increase in telogen hair ratio
Normal hair size
Absence of significant inflammation or fibrotic changes

27
Q

Preferentially affects the top of the scalp, and the frontal hairline is usually preserved

A

Female pattern hair loss

28
Q

Characteristic FPHL signs on dermoscopy

A

Hair diameter diversity
Peripilar signs (brown halo around the follicular ostium)
Empty follicles

29
Q

Terminal to vellus-like hair ratio: FPHL (>/

A
30
Q

Acute and diffuse loss of hairs without apparent alopecic patches
Hair pull test is strongly positive and collects telogen hairs

A

Alopecia areata incognita

31
Q

Detection of numerous yellow dots of various size and uniform in color by dermoscopy or peribulbar lymphocytic infiltration by histopathologic examination

A

Alopecia areata incognito

32
Q

Affected individuals claim hair shedding; however, clinicopathologic examinations fail to detect any evidence of active hair loss
Included in body dysmorphic disorder
Underlying depressive or anxiety disorders may be present

A

Psychogenic pseudoeffluvium

FD9 (108 decks)

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