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FD9 > 35 - Sarcoidosis > Flashcards

35 - Sarcoidosis Flashcards

1
Q

Disease onset of sarcoidosis is most common in the _____ decade and is slightly higher in ______

A

Third

Women

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2
Q

Sarcoidosis has a higher incidence with

A

Greater distance from the equator

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3
Q

Highest prevalence of sarcoidisis is in

A

African American women

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4
Q

With the advent of penicillin, _____ has replaced syphilis as the great mimicker for dermatologists

A

Sarcoidosis

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5
Q

Sarcoidal lesions are divided into

A

Specific - have granulomatous inflammation

Nonspecific - reactive and do not exhibit sarcoidal granulomas

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6
Q

Most common presentation of sarcoidosis

A

Papular form

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7
Q

“Apple jelly”: _____ coloration

A

Yellow-brown

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9
Q

Apple jelly appearance on dermoscopy differentials

A

Sarcoidosis
Lupus vulgaris
Granuloma annulare

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10
Q

Dermoscopic findings significantly associated with cutaneous sarcoidosis

A

Pink homogenous background
Translucent orange areas
Fine white scaling
Scar-like depigmentation

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11
Q

Papular lesions most commonly occur on

A

Face and neck, with predilection for periorbital skin

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12
Q

Relatively symmetric, violaceous, indurated plaques and nodules occurring on the nose, earlobes, cheeks, and digits

A

Lupus pernio

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13
Q

Lupus pernio is associated with higher incidence of

A

Systemic involvement and upper respiratory tract disease

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14
Q

Present as persistent subcutaneous nodules preferentially on the extremities

A

Darier-Roussy sarcoid

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15
Q

Sarcoidal infiltration of the gingiva causes

A

Strawberry gums

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16
Q

Mucosal membrane sarcoidosis involving the gingiva mimicks

A

Wegener granulomatosis

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17
Q

Bilateral enlargement of the lacrimal, parotid, sublingual, and submandibular glands

A

Mikulicz syndrome

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18
Q

Main nonspecific cutaneous manifestation of sarcoidosis

A

Erythema nodosum

19
Q

Erythema nodosum with bilateral hilar adenopathy, arthralgia, and fever

A

Lofgren syndrome

20
Q

Most common organ involved with sarcoidosis

A

Lung

21
Q

Most commonly affected portion of the eye in sarcoidosis

A

Uvea

22
Q

Fever, parotid gland enlargement, facial palsy, and anterior uveitis

A

Heerfordt syndrome

23
Q

Neurosarcoidosis has a predilection for

A

Base of the brain

24
Q

Most common manifestation of neurosarcoidosis

A

Cranial neuropathies

25
Q

Most frequently involved nerve in neurosarcoidosis

A

Facial nerve

26
Q

Pink and violaceous papules and plaques with prominent telangiectasia that usually occur on the face; considered a variant of lupus pernio

A

Angiolupoid lesions

27
Q

Activated sarcoidal macrophages have increased _____ activity which converts inactive to the active form of vitamin D

A

1 alpha-hydroxylase

28
Q

Renal sarcoidosis results in

A

Hypercalcemia
Hypercalciuria
Nephrolithiasis

29
Q

Confirmation of sarcoidosis

A

Proof of granulomatous involvement in at least 2 separate organs

Histologic confirmation is not necessarily required in the second organ

30
Q

Epithelioid cell of the sarcoidal granuloma secretes _____

A

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme

31
Q

Serum angiotensin-converting enzyme levels reflect _____ and may be useful for monitoring _____

A

Total granuloma burden

Course of sarcoidosis

32
Q

_____ on chest radiograph almost always represent sarcoidosis

A

Asymptomatic hilar adenopathy

33
Q

Bilateral lacrimal and parotid gland gallium-67 uptake

A

Panda sign

34
Q

Bilateral hilar and right paratracheal gallium-67 uptake

A

Lambda sign

35
Q

Pathology of sarcoidosis

A

Naked granulomas

36
Q

Development of _____ causes almost all significant impairment from sarcoidosis

A

Fibrosis

37
Q

Patients with cutaneous lesions are more likely to have _____ than patients without skin involvement

A

Chronic systemic sarcoidosis

38
Q

Most reliable immediate initial therapy for sarcoidosis

A

Systemic corticosteroids

39
Q

Useful for sarcoidosis affecting the joints and skin, and hypercalcemia

A

Antimalarials

40
Q

Particularly useful for the treatment of lupus pernio

A

Infliximab

41
Q

Reserved for life-threatening disease because of carcinogenicity

A

Cyclophosphamide

FD9 (108 decks)

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