80 - Acne Variants and Acneiform Eruptions

Question 1

Neonatal acne can occur in up to _____% of healthy newborns

Answer 1

20

Question 2

Neonatal acne lesions usually appear around _____ of age and resolved spontaneously within _____

Answer 2

2 weeks

3 months

Question 3

_____, a normal commensal on human skin, may also play a role in neonatal acne

Answer 3

Malassezia sympodialis

Question 4

Similar to neonatal acne but with widespread papulopustular lesions over face, scalp, upper chest and back, and shoulders

Answer 4

Neonatal cephalic pustulosis

Question 5

Infantile acne presents at _____ of age classically with open and closed comedones over the cheeks and chin

Answer 5

3 to 6 months

Question 6

Infantile acne is caused in part by the transient elevation of _____ produced by the immature adrenal gland

Answer 6

Dehyroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Question 7

During the first 6 to 12 months of life, boys may also have an increased level of _____ that stimulates testosterone production

Answer 7

Luteinizing hormone

Question 8

Infantile acne usually resolves around _____ of age

Answer 8

1 to 2 years

Question 9

Mid-childhood acne is defined as appearing between _____ of age

Answer 9

1 and 7 years

Question 10

Severe form of nodular acne

Most common in teenage males

Answer 10

Acne conglobata

Question 11

Also known as acute febrile ulcerative acne

Answer 11

Acne fulminans

Question 12

Sudden appearance of inflammatory, tender oozing, friable plaques with hemorrhagic crusts
Occur primarily in teenage boys

Answer 12

Acne fulminans

Question 13

(Acne conglobata/Acne fulminans):
More explosive
Nodules and polymorphous comedones are less common
Face is not involved as frequently
Neck is usually spared
Ulcerative and crusted lesions are unique
Systemic symptoms are more common

Answer 13

Acne fulminans

Question 14

First-line treatment for acne fulminans

Answer 14

Systemic glucocorticoid therapy, along with intralesional glucocorticoids

Question 15

Has been reportedly beneficial in the treatment acne fulminans associated with erythema nodosum

Answer 15

Dapsone in conjunction with isotretinoin

Question 16

Isotretinoin-induced acne fulminans typically arises within _____ of treatment

Answer 16

The first month

Question 17

SAPHO syndrome

Answer 17

Synovitis
Acne
Pustulosis
Hyperostosis
Osteitis

Question 18

PAPA syndrome

Answer 18

Pyogenic arthritis
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Acne

Question 19

PASH syndrome

Answer 19

Pyoderma gangrenosum
Acne
Hidradenitis suppurativa

Question 20

PAPASH syndrome

Answer 20

Pyogenic arthritis
Acne
Pyoderma gangrenosum
Hidradenitis suppurativa

Question 21

PAPA, PASH and PAPASH are a group os systemic autoinflammatory disorders resulting from dysregulation of the innate immune system and over production of

Answer 21

Interleukin-1

Question 22

Variant of skin-picking disorder
Quite mild acne is systematically and neurotically excoriated, leaving crusted erosions that may scar
More common in females
Categorized under obsessive-compulsive disorders

Answer 22

Acne excoriee

Question 23

Type of reactions from repetitive physical trauma to the skin: flare in acne with comedones and inflammatory papules

Answer 23

Acne mechanica

Question 24

Type of reactions from repetitive physical trauma to the skin: follicular inflammatory lesions

Answer 24

Folliculitis mechanica

Question 25

Rare and disfiguring variant of acne vulgaris | Woody edema of the mid third face with accompanying erythema and acne

Answer 25

Acne with solid facial edema or | Morbihan disease

Question 26

_____ treatment in acne with solid facial edema is typically ineffective

Answer 26

Oral antibiotic

Question 27

PCOS occurs in roughly _____% of women

Answer 27

5 to 10

Question 28

PCOS should be suspected in women with any combination of

Answer 28

Oligomenorrhea Clinical or biochemical hyperandrogenism Polycystic ovaries on ultrasound scan

Question 29

Premenarchal women with acne and hirsutism should be screened for PCOS with

Answer 29

Serum free testosterone level

Question 30

Testing for PCOS should be deferred until _____ after menarche

Answer 30

2 years

Question 31

Women with PCOS are at increased risk of

Answer 31

``` Infertility Impaired glucose tolerance Type 2 diabetes Dyslipidemia Endometrial cancer Cardiovascular disease ```

Question 32

Combined _____ can be helpful in controlling acne and hirsutism

Answer 32

Oral contraceptives | Spironolactone

Question 33

Autosomal recessive disorder caused by varying enzyme defects in the cortisol production pathway

Answer 33

Congenital adrenal hyperplasia

Question 34

21beta-hydroxylase deficiency type: Screened at birth Typically present with ambiguous genitalia and salt wasting

Answer 34

Classic type

Question 35

21beta-hydroxylase deficiency type: Can present throughout childhood and adolescence Normal cortisol levels but increased androgens

Answer 35

Nonclassic type

Question 36

Values of _____ in the range of 4000 to 8000 ng/mL are suggestive of CAH

Answer 36

Dehydroepiandrosterone

Question 37

Findings of _____ in males are often subtle and acne may be the only sign

Answer 37

CAH

Question 38

As early as _____ after initiation of systemic glucocorticoids or corticotropin, folliculitis may appear

Answer 38

2 weeks

Question 39

Drug-induced acne can be caused by

Answer 39

``` Phenytoin Lithium Isoniazid High doses of vitamin B complexes Halogenated compounds Certain chemotherapy medications ```

Question 40

Halogenated compounds containing either bromides or iodides are often found in

Answer 40

``` Cold and asthma remedies Sedatives Radiopaque contrast material Kelp Other vitamin and mineral combinations ```

Question 41

May cause a follicular-based eruption | Primarily used to treat non-small-cell lung cancer, colorectal cancer and breast cancer

Answer 41

Epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors

Question 42

The presence and severity of the acneiform eruption correlates with a (positive/negative) treatment response to EGFR inhibitors

Answer 42

Positive

Question 43

Occupational acne caused from chlorinated hydrocarbons

Answer 43

Chloracne

Question 44

The lesions of occupational acne are more common on

Answer 44

Covered areas with intimate contact to clothing saturated with the offending compound

Question 45

Most common cause of industrial acne

Answer 45

Cutting oils

Question 46

Exposure to the dioxin Agent Orange predisposes to

Answer 46

Invasive nonmelanoma skin cancer

Question 47

Chlorinated hydrocarbons are found in

Answer 47

Fungicides Insecticides Wood preservatives

Question 48

Chloracne classically affects the

Answer 48

``` Malar Retroauricular Mandibular Axillae Scrotum ```

Question 49

May occur in patients with preexisting acne vulgaris treated with long-term oral antibiotics, especially the tetracylines Initial success with oral tetracyclines followed by a worsening of their acne

Answer 49

Gram-negative folliculitis

Question 50

Culture of gram-negative folliculitis lesions may reveal _____ in the papulopusutles or _____ in the nodules

Answer 50

Enterobacter, Klebsiella, or Escherichia spp. | Proteus spp.

Question 51

Radiation acne begin to appear

Answer 51

As the acute phase of radiation dermatitis is resolving

Question 52

Excessive exposure to UV radiation may produce a yellow, atrophic plaque studded with large open comedones

Answer 52

Favre-Racouchot syndrome

Question 53

Favre-Racouchot syndrome has also been called

Answer 53

Solar comedones Senile comedones Nodular cutaneous elastosis with cysts and comedones Nodular elastoidosis with cysts and comedones

Question 54

In extreme heat, a severe acneiform folliculitis may develop Major cause of dermatologic disability in military troops serving in tropical climates Occurs mainly on the trunk and buttocks Many deep, large, inflammatory nodules with multiple draining areas, resembling acne conglobata

Answer 54

Tropical acne

Question 55

Secondary infection with _____ almost always ensues in tropical cane

Answer 55

Coagulase-positive staphylococci

Question 56

Multiple, uniform, red, papular lesions seen after sun exposure

Answer 56

Acne aestivalis or | Mallorca acne

Question 57

Acne aestivalis is caused by the effects of UV radiation, primarily

Answer 57

UVA

Question 58

_____ are ineffective in speeding up the resolution of acne aestivalis

Answer 58

Oral antibiotics

Question 59

Preadolescent patients develop comedones, milia, and acneiform red papules within the nasal crease Can be familial or associated with the "allergic salute"

Answer 59

Pseudoacne of the nasal crease

Question 60

Also known as acrocephalosyndactyly Autosomal dominant disorder marked by the synostoses of the cranium, vertebral bodies and hands and feet Caused by mutation in the gene encoding FGFR-2 Diffuse acneiform eruption that often involves the arms, buttocks and thighs

Answer 60

Apert syndrome

Question 61

Small inflammatory papules and pustules group around the mouth in a typically well demarcated patter, with sparing of the lip margin

Answer 61

Perioral dermatitis

Question 62

Small inflammatory papules and pustules group around the mouth in a typically well demarcated patter, with sparing of the lip margin With involvement of the nose, eyes, or groin region

Answer 62

Periorificial dermatitis

Question 63

Severe variant of periorificial dermatitis | Well delineated plaque around the mouth with more likely involvement of the periocular, perinasal, and groin areas

Answer 63

Periorificial granulomatous dermatitis

Question 64

Variant of periorificial dermatitis characterized by uniform, granulomatous sarcoidal papules distributed over the typical periorificial areas Involvement of the upper eyelids and helices of the ears

Answer 64

Facial Afro-Caribbean eruption (FACE)