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FD9 > 70 - Anetoderma and Other Atrophic Disorders of the Skin > Flashcards

70 - Anetoderma and Other Atrophic Disorders of the Skin Flashcards

1
Q

The lesions in anetoderma usually occur in _____ and more often in _____

A

Young adults between the ages of 15 and 30 years

Women than men

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2
Q

Anetoderma can be associated with various systemic conditions, primarily

A

Antiphospholipid antibodies

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3
Q

Characteristic lesions are flaccid circumscribed area of slack skin with the impression of loss of dermal substance forming depressions, wrinkling, or sac-like protrusions

A

Anetoderma

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4
Q

Examining finger sinks without resistance into a distinct pit with sharp borders as if into a hernia ring

A

Buttonhole sign

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5
Q

Most common sites for anetoderma

A

Chest
Back
Neck
Upper extremities

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6
Q

Types of anetoderma

A

Primary - no underlying associated skin disease

Secondary - atrophic lesions has appeared in the exact same site as a previous specific pathology

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7
Q

Types of primary anetoderma

A
  1. Those with preceding inflammatory lesions, mainly erythema (Jadassohn-Pellizzari type)
  2. Those without preceding inflammatory lesions (Schweninger-Buzzi type)
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8
Q

Most common causes of secondary anetoderma

A

Acne

Varicella

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9
Q

Both primary and secondary types of anetoderma may be associated with an underlying disease, mainly

A

Antiphospholipid syndrome
Autoimmune thyroiditis
HIV

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10
Q

Predominant defect in anetoderma

A

Focal partial or complete loss of elastic tissue in the papillary and/or midreticular dermis

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11
Q

Acquired disorder characterized by white, firm nonfollicular papules measuring 1 to 3 mm, evenly scattered on the chest, abdomen and back
Pathology demonstrates focal degeneration of elastic fibers

A

Papular elastorrhexis

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12
Q

Papular elastorrhexis is differentiated from anetoderma by being

A

Firm, noncompressible lesions

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13
Q

Characterized by patches and plaques of diffuse, fine, wrinkled skin, most often on the trunk, neck and arms

A

Middermal elastolysis

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14
Q

Types of middermal elastolysis

A
  1. Asymptomatic, well-demarcated, or diffuse areas of fine wrinkling (Type I)
  2. Discrete perifollicular papules (Type II)
  3. Reticular pattern (Type III)
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15
Q

Elastic tissue stains

A

Verhoeff-van Gieson

Weigert

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16
Q

Elastic tissue stains reveal a selective band-like loss of elastic fibers in the middermis

A

Middermal elastolysis

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17
Q

Onset in an older age group, location in only sun-exposed areas, yellowish color, and coarser wrinkling
Hyperplasia and abnormalities of elastic fibers and basophilic degeneration of the collagen in the papillary dermis

A

Solar elastosis

18
Q

Selective and almost complete loss of elastic fibers surrounding the follicles
Elastase-producing Staphylococcus epidermidis was found in the hair follicles and is the presumed etiology of this condition

A

Perifollicular elastolysis

19
Q

Originally described in young girls of African descent
Indurated plaques or urticaria, malaise, and fever, preceded the diffuse wrinkling, atrophy, and severe disfigurement
Insect bites may be the trigger for initial inflammatory lesions

A

Postinflammatory elastolysis and cutis laxa

20
Q

Striae commonly develop during

A

Puberty

Pregnancy

21
Q

Multiple, symmetric, well-defined, linear atrophic lesions that follow the lines of cleavage

A

Striae

22
Q

Histologic findings show a decrease in dermal thickness and in collagen in the upper dermis
Dermal elastin can be fragmented

A

Striae

23
Q

Characterized by rows of yellow palpable striae-like bands on the lower back
Elderly men are most commonly affected
Focal increase in the number of elongated or fragmented elastic fibers and thickened dermis

A

Linear focal elastolysis (elastotic striae)

24
Q

Topical treatments that have shown some improvement of early stage striae

A

Tretinoin 0.1% cream
Tretinoin 0.05%/glycolic acid 20%
L-ascorbic 10%/glycolic 20%

25
Q

Form of dermal atrophy that presents as 1 or several sharply demarcated depressed patches with no outpouching, usually on the back of adolescents or young adults
Clinical and histologic similarities to the atrophy seen at sites of regressing plaques of morphea

A

Idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini

26
Q

Antibodies to _____ have been reported in idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini

A

Borrelia burgdorferi

27
Q

The borders or edges of lesions of idiopathic atrophoderma of Pasini and Pierini are sharply defined, and they are usually described as abrupt, “_____” borders

A

Cliff-drop

28
Q

Usually present as indurated, often hyperpigmented plaques with a characteristic peripheral lilac rim

A

Morphea

29
Q

Dimple-like depressions at the follicular orifices

Can be seen most commonly on the cheeks and on the backs of the hands or feet

A

Follicular atrophoderma

30
Q

Multiple inflammatory symmetric papules on the cheeks, presumably centered around hair follicles, may precede the atrophic lesions
Found exclusively on the cheeks

A

Atrophoderma vermiculatum

31
Q

Can include atrophoderma vermiculatum but also a group of closely related disorders that includes keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans and ulerythema ophryogenes

A

Keratosis pilaris atrophicans

32
Q

Characterized by keratotic follicular papules, variable degrees of inflammation, and secondary atrophic scarring

A

Keratosis pilaris atrophicans

33
Q

Begins in infancy with keratotic follicular papules over the malar area and progresses to involve the eyebrows, scalp, and extremities, with scarring alopecia

A

Keratosis follicularis spinulosa decalvans

34
Q

Affecting primarily the lateral portion of the eyebrows with erythema, follicular papules, and alopecia

A

Ulerythema ophryogenes

35
Q

Also known as keratosis pilaris atrophicans faciei

A

Ulerythema ophryogenes

36
Q 
Milia
Telangiectasias
BCCs
Hypotrichosis
Acral cyanosis
Trichoepitheliomas
A

Rombo syndrome

37
Q

Syringomas

Milia

A

Nicolau-Balus syndrome

38
Q

Scrotal tongue

A

Tuzun syndrome

39
Q

Palmoplantar hyperkeratosis

Keratosis pilaris

A

Braun-Falco-Marghescu syndrome

40
Q 
Follicular atrophoderma 
Milia
Multiple BCCs
Hypotrichosis
Localized hypohidrosis
A

Bazex-Dupre-Christop syndrome

41
Q

Icthyosiform scaling erythroderma patterned along the lines of Blaschko that usually resolves during the first year of life and is replaced by bands of follicular atrophoderma
X-linked dominant disorder that occurs only in girls because it is usually ketgal in hemizygous males

A

Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome

42
Q

Ichthyosis with keratotic follicular plugs containing dystrophic calcification in newborns are distinctive histopathologic features

A

Conradi-Hunermann-Happle syndrome

FD9 (108 decks)

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