82 - Bromhidrosis and Chromhidrosis Flashcards
Body odor
Common phenomenon in a postpubertal population
Osmidrosis
Offensive body odor that is excessive or particularly upleasant
Bromhidrosis
Bromhidrosis is most often reported in the
Axillae
Y/N: Apocrine bromhidrosis exhibits a female predominance
No - Male
May be reflective of greater apocrine gland activity in men
_____ secretion is predominantly responsible for odor production
Apocrine
Individuals with osmidrosis have increased levels of _____ in their apocrine glands
5alpha-reductase
The axilla hosts many different bacteria, most of which are
Gram-positive
Bromhidrosis has been particularly associated with the action of _____ species
Corynebacterium
Most common short-chain, malodorous, volatile fatty acids
Epsilon-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid
(RS)-3-hydroxy-3-methylhexanoid acid
_____ secretions are distributed in a generalized fashion, are usually odorless, and serve a thermaregulatory function
Eccrine
A _____ location is characteristic of eccrine bromhidrosis
Plantar
May result in eccrine bromhidrosis
Certain foods (garlic, curry, alcohol)
Drugs (bromides)
Toxins
Metabolic causes (disorders of amino acid metabolism)
(Apocrine/Eccrine) bromhidrosis is far less common
Eccrine
Although surgical excision may be highly efficacious, depending on the depth of tissue removed and surgical technique used, _____ may develop
Regeneration and return of apocrine function/osmidrosis and bromhidrosis
Can be considered the primary choice among surgical procedures used to treat patients with bromhidrosis because of its fewer complications
Liposuction curettage
Laser hair removal may be associated with (improvement/intensification) of bromhidrosis
Intensification
Characterized by secretion of colored sweat
Chromhidrosis
Two variants of apocrine chromhidrosis
Axillary
Facial
Chromhidrosis is reported most commonly in
African Americans
Pigment responsible for causing apocrine chromhidrosis
Lipofuscins
Occurs when water-soluble pigments are excreted from eccrine glands after the ingestion of certain dyes or drugs, such as quinine or cranberry juice
True eccrine chromhidrosis
Facial chromhidrosis commonly develops close to the
Lower eyelid
_____ secretions using a Wood light (360 nm) produces a characteristic yellow fluorescence
Yellow
Blue
Green
_____ pigment rarely autofluoresces
Black
Brown
Apocrine glands can be stimulates to produce colored secretions by the injection of
Epinephrine
Oxytocin
Reasonable laboratory tests to check in chromidrosis
CBC - exclude bleeding diathesis
Homogentisic levels in urine - exclude alkaptonuria
Bacterial and fungal cultures - exclude pseudoeccrine chromhidrosis
Lipofuscin granules are positive on _____ stains
PAS
Schmorl
Development of colored sweat when surface compounds or molecules mix with sweat to produce pigment
Pseudoeccrine chromhidrosis
Topical cream that depletes and prevents reaccumulation of substance P levels in unmyelinated, slow-conducting type C sensory fibers
Capsaicin
For pseudochromhidrosis, _____ seems to be the most effective treatment
Topical and oral erythromycin
