82 - Bromhidrosis and Chromhidrosis

Question 1

Body odor

Common phenomenon in a postpubertal population

Answer 1

Osmidrosis

Question 2

Offensive body odor that is excessive or particularly upleasant

Answer 2

Bromhidrosis

Question 3

Bromhidrosis is most often reported in the

Answer 3

Axillae

Question 4

Y/N: Apocrine bromhidrosis exhibits a female predominance

Answer 4

No - Male

May be reflective of greater apocrine gland activity in men

Question 5

_____ secretion is predominantly responsible for odor production

Answer 5

Apocrine

Question 6

Individuals with osmidrosis have increased levels of _____ in their apocrine glands

Answer 6

5alpha-reductase

Question 7

The axilla hosts many different bacteria, most of which are

Answer 7

Gram-positive

Question 8

Bromhidrosis has been particularly associated with the action of _____ species

Answer 8

Corynebacterium

Question 9

Most common short-chain, malodorous, volatile fatty acids

Answer 9

Epsilon-3-methyl-2-hexenoic acid

(RS)-3-hydroxy-3-methylhexanoid acid

Question 10

_____ secretions are distributed in a generalized fashion, are usually odorless, and serve a thermaregulatory function

Answer 10

Eccrine

Question 11

A _____ location is characteristic of eccrine bromhidrosis

Answer 11

Plantar

Question 12

May result in eccrine bromhidrosis

Answer 12

Certain foods (garlic, curry, alcohol)
Drugs (bromides)
Toxins
Metabolic causes (disorders of amino acid metabolism)

Question 13

(Apocrine/Eccrine) bromhidrosis is far less common

Answer 13

Eccrine

Question 14

Although surgical excision may be highly efficacious, depending on the depth of tissue removed and surgical technique used, _____ may develop

Answer 14

Regeneration and return of apocrine function/osmidrosis and bromhidrosis

Question 15

Can be considered the primary choice among surgical procedures used to treat patients with bromhidrosis because of its fewer complications

Answer 15

Liposuction curettage

Question 16

Laser hair removal may be associated with (improvement/intensification) of bromhidrosis

Answer 16

Intensification

Question 17

Characterized by secretion of colored sweat

Answer 17

Chromhidrosis

Question 18

Two variants of apocrine chromhidrosis

Answer 18

Axillary

Facial

Question 19

Chromhidrosis is reported most commonly in

Answer 19

African Americans

Question 20

Pigment responsible for causing apocrine chromhidrosis

Answer 20

Lipofuscins

Question 21

Occurs when water-soluble pigments are excreted from eccrine glands after the ingestion of certain dyes or drugs, such as quinine or cranberry juice

Answer 21

True eccrine chromhidrosis

Question 22

Facial chromhidrosis commonly develops close to the

Answer 22

Lower eyelid

Question 23

_____ secretions using a Wood light (360 nm) produces a characteristic yellow fluorescence

Answer 23

Yellow
Blue
Green

Question 24

_____ pigment rarely autofluoresces

Answer 24

Black

Brown

Question 25

Apocrine glands can be stimulates to produce colored secretions by the injection of

Answer 25

Epinephrine

Oxytocin

Question 26

Reasonable laboratory tests to check in chromidrosis

Answer 26

CBC - exclude bleeding diathesis
Homogentisic levels in urine - exclude alkaptonuria
Bacterial and fungal cultures - exclude pseudoeccrine chromhidrosis

Question 27

Lipofuscin granules are positive on _____ stains

Answer 27

PAS

Schmorl

Question 28

Development of colored sweat when surface compounds or molecules mix with sweat to produce pigment

Answer 28

Pseudoeccrine chromhidrosis

Question 29

Topical cream that depletes and prevents reaccumulation of substance P levels in unmyelinated, slow-conducting type C sensory fibers

Answer 29

Capsaicin

Question 30

For pseudochromhidrosis, _____ seems to be the most effective treatment

Answer 30

Topical and oral erythromycin