8 - Nail

Question 1

Essential in nail fate differentiation as well as in digit regeneration

Answer 1

Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)

Wingless-type MMTV integration site (Wnt)

Question 2

Actively proliferating nail cells in the nail matrix

Answer 2

Onychocytes

Question 3

Where matrix cells differentiate, flatten out, die, and deposit into the overlying nail plate

Answer 3

Keratogenous zone

Question 4

Visible part of the nail matrix

Answer 4

Lunula

Question 5

The lunula can best be seen in the

Answer 5

Thumb

Question 6

Flattened and anucleated cells that compose the nail plate

Answer 6

Corneocytes

Question 7

Slow-cycling bifunctional nail proximal fold stem cells contribute to

Answer 7

Nail structure
Perinail epidermis (predominantly)

Question 8

Ki67 is primarily localized to

Answer 8

Matrix cells

Question 9

Strongly H2B-GFP+

Answer 9

Proximal fold

Question 10

Molecular marker specific to nail stem cells

Answer 10

Leucine-rich repeat containing G-protein coupled receptor 6 (Lgr6)

Question 11

Wnt pathway activation promotes blastema innervations through _____ which is upregulated in control nail epithelium 3 weeks after amputation

Answer 11

Semaphorin 5a