73. General characterisation of spirochetes. Genus Treponema.

Question 1

Spirochetes Habitat?

Answer 1

Habitat: • mucous membranes, • arthropods, • environment

Question 2

Spirochates Morphology?

Answer 2

Morphology: • 3-30 µm thin helical filaments, • special cell structure • mucopeptide • periplasmic flagella (axial filaments): movement • elastic membrane

Question 3

Spirochates Staining?

Answer 3

Staining: • bacteriological staining • Gram negative, • staining of some species is difficult, • Vágó staining • Giemsa staining • unstained preparations • india ink, • wet preparations (dark field or phase contrast microscope) • histological staining • Levaditi’s silver impregnation

Question 4

Spirochetes Culture?

Answer 4

Culture • culture of some species is difficult or not possible • culture is possible: • Brachyspira, Leptospira • Borrelia: limited • certain Treponema species • culture is not possible • pathogenic Trep

Question 5

Genera of the order Spirochaetales?

Answer 5

Genera of the Order Spirochaetales • Borrelia • Brachyspira (Serpulina) • Treponema • Leptospira

Question 6

Spirochetes Resistance?

Answer 6

Low

Question 7

Trepenoma Habitat, Staining and Culture?

Answer 7

TREPONEMA

1. Habitat: • infected animals, humans, mucous membranes (oral cavity, genitals) 2. Staining: • pathogenic species cannot be stained, or staining is poor 3. Culture: • pathogenic species cannot be cultured

Question 8

Trepenoma Pathogenecity?

Answer 8

Pathogenicity: • T. pallidium: human syphilis • T. paraluiscuniculi: rabbit syphilis • T. denticola, T. parvum: human oral cavity, inflammation