43. Genus Corynebacterium.

Question 1

Habitat and Morphology?

Answer 1

CORYNEBACTERIUM
1. Habitat:
• mucous membranes, skin,
• milk
• soil (saprophytes)
2. Morphology:
• polymorphism, pleomorphism
• middle sized rods, coccoid rods, curved rod, coryneform,
• single, palisade, Chinese letters
• metachromatic granules

Question 2

Staining?

Answer 2

3. Staining:
   • Gram-positive
   • sometimes not uniform staining
   • slightly acid-fast
   • metachromatic granules

Question 3

Culture?

Answer 3

4. Culture:
   • blood agar,
   • weak growth on nutrient agar
   • haemolysis (sometimes with delay)
   • different colony morphology

Question 4

Biochemistry Antigens and Resistance?

Answer 4

5. Biochemistry:
• catalase +, oxidase -, fermentative
• toxin
• C. diphtheriae (bacteriophage encodes)
• C. pseudotuberculosis
6. Antigens:
• complex
7. Resistance:
• average

Question 5

Pathogenicity?

Answer 5

8. Pathogenicity:
   • local suppuration
   • lymphadenitis, lymphangitis
   • arthritis,
   • metritis,
   • mastitis

Question 6

Species?

Answer 6

9. Species:
   • C. diphtheriae:
   • strains infected with temperate bacteriophage
   • toxin production
   • diphtheria
   • vaccination
   • strains not infected with temperate bacteriophage
   • pharyngitis, endocarditis

Question 7

Species 2?

Answer 7

• C. pseudotuberculosis:
• polymorphism, fimbria,
• haemolysis,
• virulence factors
• exotoxin: phospholipase-D,
• lipoids in the cell wall,
• nitrate-negative biotype:
• sheep, goat:
• pseudotuberculosis (caseous lymphadenitis),
abortion, arthritis
• nitrate-positive biotype:
• horse:
• equine ulcerative lymphangitis

Question 8

Species 3?

Answer 8

C. renale:
• fimbria,
• cattle (horse, swine): pyelonephritis, cystitis
• C. pilosum:
• cattle cystitis, pyelonephritis
• C. cystitidis:
• cattle haemorrhagic cystitis
• C. bovis:
• udder, milk, mastitis, abortion
• C. kutscheri:
• rodents