60. Genus Actinobacillus.

Question 1

Habitat?

Answer 1

ACTINOBACILLUS

1. Habitat: • alimentary tract, respiratory and genital ways, mucous membrane

Question 2

Actinobacillus species?

Answer 2

Species:

• A. lignieresii
• A. equuli
• A. suis
• A. seminis
• A. ureae
• A. pleuropneumoniae

Question 3

A.lignieresii Habitat?

Answer 3

A. lignieresii:

1. Habitat: • cattle, sheep oral cavity, rumen, gut

Question 4

A.lignieserii Morphology?

Answer 4

Morphology: • 1-1.2 µm rods, filaments, • sulphur granules in lesions (like: actinomycosis)

Question 5

A.ligneserii Culture?

Answer 5

Culture:

• aerobic, facultative anaerobic,
• poor growth on nutrient agar,
• sticks to the agar

Question 6

A.ligneserii Biochemistry?

Answer 6

Biochemistry: • catalase +, • oxidase +, • fermentative

Question 7

A.ligneserii Antigens?

Answer 7

Antigens: • cell wall antigens • 6 serogroups

Question 8

A.ligneserii resistance?

Answer 8

Resistance: • weak

Question 9

A.lignieresii Pathogencity?

Answer 9

Pathogenicity: • cattle, sheep, swine actinobacillosis

Question 10

A. equuli habitat?

Answer 10

A. equuli 1. Habitat: • horse, swine alimentary tract, tonsils, respiratory tract

Question 11

A. equuli Morphology?

Answer 11

Morphology: • 1-2 µm rod, filaments

Question 12

A.equuli staining?

Answer 12

Staining: • Gram-negative

Question 13

A.equuli Culture?

Answer 13

Culture: • large, viscous colonies • some strains can haemolyse

Question 14

A.equuli Resistance?

Answer 14

Weak

Question 15

A.equuli Pathogenecity and subspecies?

Answer 15

Subspecies, pathogenicity:

• A. equuli subsp. equuli
• A. equuli subsp. haemolyticus
• both subspecies cause the same disease
• foal: • septicaemia, nephritis, pneumonia, arthritis
• adult horse: • pyosepticaemia,
• swine: • septicaemia, arthritis

Question 16

A.suis Habitat?

Answer 16

A. suis

1. Habitat: • swine mucous membranes (respiratory and genital tract)

Question 17

a.suis Staining?

Answer 17

Staining, morphology • Gram-negative, middle sized rods

Question 18

A.suis Culture?

Answer 18

Culture: • blood agar, • β haemolysis

Question 19

A.suis Pathogenicity?

Answer 19

Pathogenicity:

• swine (grower, adult) • pneumonia, septicaemia, metritis, abortion, arthritis
• suckling piglet: septicaemia

Question 20

A.seminis Habitat?

Answer 20

A. seminis

1. Habitat: • mucous membranes of the genital tract of rams and bocks, semen

Question 21

A.seminis Culture?

Answer 21

Culture: • 10% CO2 blood agar

Question 22

A.seminis Pathogenicity?

Answer 22

Pathogenicity: • facultative pathogenic, inflammation of the accessory glands, epididymitis, abortion

Question 23

A.ureae Habitat and pathogenictity?

Answer 23

A. ureae:

1. Habitat: human respiratory way
2. Pathogenicity: human upper respiratory infection

Question 24

A.pleuropneumoniae Habitat?

Answer 24

A. pleuropneumoniae

1. Habitat • mucous membranes of the respiratory tract of swine

Question 25

A.pleuropneumoniae Morphology?

Answer 25

Morphology: • coccoid, short rods, some strains have fimbria

Question 26

A. pleuropneumoniae Culture?

Answer 26

Culture:

• fastidious,
• ß haemolysis
• blood agar, chocolate agar with yeast extract
• biotypes: NAD (V factor) demand
• biotype 1: V-factor demand
• satellitism, NAD, fresh yeast extract
• biotype 2: V-factor is not needed

Question 27

A.pleuropneumoniae Biochemistry?

Answer 27

Biochemistry: • Apx I-II-III-IV cytotoxin produced • damage of macrophages and endothelial cells

Question 28

A.pleuropneumoniae Antigens and Resistance?

Answer 28

5. Antigens: • 18 serogroups
6. Resistance: • weak

Question 29

A.Pleuropneumoniae Pathogenicity?

Answer 29

Pathogenicity: • swine haemorrhagic-necrotic pleuropneumonia