6.2i Immune Flashcards
Hemorrhoid
- Anal Varicosity
Oxytocin
- Responsible for let down reflex
- Responsible for uterine contraction
Prolactin
- Secreted by pituitary of lactating patients
Postpartum Diaphoresis
- Sweating after birth (especially at night) to rid body of excess fluid gained during pregnancy
Autolysis
- Self destruction of hypertrophied uterine tissue
- Causes decrease of estrogen and progesterone after birth
Atony
- Failure for uterine muscles to contract firmly
- Causes fundus to be soft/boggy and most frequent cause of postpartum bleeding
Dysparenuia
- Discomfort during sex
Involution/Subinvolution
Involution - Normal return of uterus to prepregnant state
Subinvolution - Failure of uterus to return to prepregnant state
Episotomy
- Surgical incision to perineum to facilitate vaginal birth
Afterpains
- Uterine cramping that occurs early postpartum
Diastasis Recti Abdominus
- Separation of abdominal wall muscles due to enlarged uterus during pregnancy
Retained Placental Fragments and Infection
- Reason for uterus not returning to normal after birth
Exogenous Oxytocin
- Administer IV/IM
- Given after expulsion of placenta to ensure uterus remains firm and contracted
- Reduces postpartum hemorrhage
Postpartum Period
- After birth until body organs return to normal state
Uterine Involution Process
- Begins immediately after expulsion of placenta
- Estrogen and Progesterone cause increase in uterine growth
Postpartum Hemostasis
- Achieved through compression of blood vessels as uterine muscles contract
- Oxytocin promotes uterine contractions which compress the vessels to promote hemostasis
- Exogenous oxytocin can also be administered to promote this
CASE STUDY
- Fundus 2 cm above umbilicus and displaced to right. Pads are completely saturated with lochia rubra. Is this expected 3 hours after birth
- No fundus should be at level of umbilicus after 12 hours and lochia flow should decrease
- 3rd stage of labor fundus 2cm below umbilicus
- 12 hours after umbilicus should be at level of umbilicus
- 2 hours lochia should reduce to heavy menstrual period amount
Extensive Bleeding Postpartum
- Can be due to distended bladder
Hemorrhage
- Gush of blood is not hemorrhage when standing
- Lochia flow is increased with ambulation and breastfeeding
- Lochia pools while lying down and standing they may have a pool of blood
Oxytocin
- Stimulated when infant breast feeds
- Recommended early postpartum to stimulate contractions