2.3B Infertility Continued Flashcards
1
Q
Psychosocial Support
A
- Priority for couples seeking fertility treatment
- Life stressor that effects self esteem, relationships, life goals and careers
- Interventions are painful and intrusive
- Timed abstinence can create stress
- Financially expensive
- Can cause distress, anger, isolation, sexual dysfunction, strain on relationship
- Exacerbated with pre-existing anxiety or depression
2
Q
Lifestyle Change (Non-Medical Therapy)
A
- Hot baths and tight athletic clothes can cause too high temperature for spermatogenesis
- Some lubricants can diminish sperm motility/quality
- Cell phones worn by belt/hip have been linked to lower sperm quality
- Changes in nutrition may increase fertility
- Exercise and avoiding toxins
- Weight normalization and maintain normal glucose
- Timing of intercourse
3
Q
Complementary Alternative Measures
A
- Herbal therapies not proven to work Stress management - Aromatherapy - Yoga - Meditation - Nutritional/Exercise counseling
- Mind/spirit/body exercises
- Acupuncture can lower anxiety and improve pregnancy rates for women going through IVF
4
Q
Medical Therapy for Women
A
- Infections treated with antibiotics
- Surgery to correct tubal blockage or pelvic distortion
- Removal of uterine fibroids (growths)
- Laparoscopic removal of endometrial adhesions, implants, and draining of hydrosalpinges (fluid in fallopian tubes)
5
Q
Medical Therapy for Men
A
- Corrected thyroid or adrenal gland issues
- Infection treated with antibiotics
- Surgery to correct varicoceles (enlargement of vein), blockages or tumors
- FSH, gonadotropins, clomiphene can be used to stimulate spermatogenesis in men with hypogonadism.
6
Q
Menotropins
A
Human menopausal gonadotropins (hMG)
- Helps with Ovarian Follicular growth and maturation
7
Q
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin (hCG)
A
- Induces Ovulation
8
Q
Letrozole (off-label use)
A
- Ovulation Induction
9
Q
Exogenous Progesterone
A
Treatment of Luteal Phase Inadequacy
10
Q
Metformin (off-label use)
A
- Restores cyclic ovulation and menses in many women with PCOS
11
Q
Clomiphene Citrate (FSH/LH) Ovarian Stimulant
A
- If ovarian reserve is sufficient, this is given to women to stimulate ovary to produce follicles.
12
Q
Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART)
A
- Manipulation of egg, sperm, and/or embryo
Types - Introducing sperm into uterus or tubules
- Removing eggs from woman
- Fertilizing egg in laboratory
- Returning embryo to woman or surrogate carrier
13
Q
Intrauterine Insemination (IUI)
A
- Ovarian stimulation therapy followed by timed intercourse.
- Used when sperm quality is low, cervical mucus unfavored, presence of semen allergy.
- Preferred technique for introducing donor sperm or sperm that has been washed
14
Q
In Vitro Fertilization - Embryo Transfer (IVF-ET)
A
- Used when blockage or inflammation from endometriosis impairs tubal patency or when tubes are surgically removed
- Eggs are removed with intravaginal needle aspiration.
- Sperm is injected in
- Fertilized egg transferred into uterus
15
Q
Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer and Zygote Intrafallopian Transfer
A
GIFT similar to IVG-ET requires at least 1 normal uterine tube.
- Oocytes aspirated from follicles via laparoscopy
- Semen collected before laparoscopy
- Ova and sperm are transferred into uterine tube permitting natural fertilization and cleavage (cell division)
ZIFT - is like GIFT but fertilization occurs In Vitro then placed in uterine tube.
