1.1e Standards of Practice, Legal Issues, Ethical Concerns

Question 1

Standards of Practice

Answer 1

DEFINITION - Level of practice that a reasonably prudent nurse would provide in the same or similar circumstance.

• Reflect current knowledge
• Represent levels of practice agreed upon by leaders in the specialty
• Can be used for clinical benchmarking

Question 2

Risk Management

Answer 2

• Identifies risk, establishes preventative practices, develops reporting mechanisms, delineates procedures for managing lawsuits.
• System of checks and balances.
• Minimizes risk to patients.

Question 3

Sentinel Events

Answer 3

• Any event not due to underlying conditions or natural courses that result in death, permanent harm or temporary harm.

Question 4

Failure to Rescue

Answer 4

• Failure to recognize or act on early signs of distress
• Best prevention is careful surveillance of patients and identification of complications and activation of team response.

Question 5

Maternal Complications

Answer 5

Placental Abruption - Placenta detaches before birth
Postpartum Hemorrhage - Bleeding after birth
Uterine Rupture
Eclampsia
Amniotic Fluid Embolism - Allergic reaction to amniotic fluid entering blood stream

Question 6

Fetal Complications

Answer 6

Non-reassuring Fetal HR and Pattern
Prolapsed Umbilical Cord - Cord squeezes between baby and hip which cuts off oxygen to the baby
Shoulder Dystocia - Shoulder gets stuck in pelvis
Uterine Hyperstimulation - Uterine contraction lasting longer than 2 minutes or more than 5 contractions in 10 minutes.

Question 7

QSEN for Nurses

Answer 7

• Provides competencies to improve quality and safety of the healthcare system in which they practice.
  1. Client-centered care
  2. Teamwork
  3. Collaboration
  4. EBP
  5. Quality Improvement
  6. Safety
  7. Informatics

Question 8

Ethical Issues with Women’s Health

Answer 8

• Technology allowing pregnancy in women who could not bear children
• Is giving birth to a child at older age worth the risks especially since scarce resources may be devoted
• Should older adults be encouraged to conceive a baby if they may not live to see them reach adulthood
• Abortion

Question 9

Research in Perinatal Nursing

Answer 9

• Research rarely includes women in their studies
• May add additional stress to the client
• Nurses must protect the rights of their patients
• Nurses are involved in determining whether or not the benefits of the research outweigh the risks to the mother or fetus.

Question 10

Core Principles of Nursing Research

Answer 10

1. Respect for persons. Patients welfare should be prioritized over interests of researchers.
2. Beneficence. Maximize benefits and minimize risk
3. Justice. Research is conducted fairly and in a way that does not exploit or disadvantage participants.