1.1a Advances in Care/Reduce Health Disparity Flashcards
Healthcare Disparities in the US
- Maternal mortality is increasing despite advances in healthcare and decrease globally
- Heart disease, obesity, diabetes are contributing factors.
- African Americans are at greater risk of death related to childbirth
- Lack of access to pre-pregnancy, pregnancy and reproductive health services are major concerns
- STI’s also affect reproduction adversely
SDOH (Social Determinants of Health)
Include conditions of environment of where people are
- born, live, work, play, worship, and age.
5 Domains of Healthcare Disparity
- Economic stability
- Education access and quality
- Healthcare access and quality
- Neighborhood and built environment
- Social and community context
Examples of SDOH
- Safe Housing, transportation, neighborhoods
- Racism, discrimination and violence
- Education, job opportunities and income
- Access to nutrition and physical activity
- Polluted air/water
- Language/literacy skills
Black Mama’s Matter Alliance (BMMA)
- Document from 2018 addressing disparities in pregnancy-related health among African Americans.
Center for Disease Control/Prevention (CDC)
- Publishes reports on trends and variation in health disparity
- Perinatal nursing includes infant death, preterm birth, adolescent pregnancy, and childbirth.
Health Resources and Services Administration (HRSA)
- National effort to eliminate disparity and improve delivery systems of healthcare for all people who receive care from HRSA-supported health centers.
Institute for Healthcare Improvement (IHI)
- Implemented virtual training sessions for safer maternal and newborn care
National Institute of Health (NIH)
- Committed to improving health for minorities, providing funding for research, and training minority researchers.
National Institute of Nursing Research
- Supports research that promotes health equity and eliminates health disparities.
National Partnership for Action (NPA)
- Sponsored by the Office of Minority Health
- Develops priorities to address and end health disparities
US Department of Health & Human Services (USDHHS)
- HHS Disparity Action Plan
- Attempts to eradicate disparities of health and healthcare in our nation.
- Promotes EBP to reduce health disparities.
Healthy People 2020
Science based goals for improving health
- Attain high quality, longer life, free of preventable disease, disability, injury, and premature death
- Achieve health equity, eliminate disparity, improve health of all groups
- Create social/physical environments that promote good health for all
- Promote quality of life, healthy development, and healthy behavior across all life stages.
Healthy People Goals for Maternal Health
- Reduce rate of fetal/infant death
- Reduce maternal mortality
- Reduce number of preterm births
- Reduce c-section birth among low-risk women
United Nation Millennium Development Goals (MDG’s)
- 8 goals developed in beginning of millennium to be reached by 2015.
- Goals 3-5 were specific to women’s health, promoting gender equality and empowering women. Reducing child mortality, and improving maternal health.
U.N Sustained Development Goals for 2030
17 broad goals for peace and prosperity on the planet
Interprofessional Education
- 2 or more professions in health and social care learn together during all parts of their professional training
- Objective is to promote collaborative practice for patient centered care.
US Healthcare System
Fragmented - Clients need to be knowledgeable consumers in order to navigate the system.
Expensive - Due to readily accessible technology and greater rates of obesity
Medical Errors - 3rd leading cause of death.
Affordable Care Act (AFA)
- Make insurance affordable
- Strengthen and improve Medicare/Medicaid
- Reform the insurance market
- Promotes prevention, improves public health, improve quality of care for all Americans, reform health delivery system.
Accountable Care Organization (ACO)
- Group of providers and agencies that are accountable for improving health populations and lowering costs.
- Goals to coordinate high quality care, eliminate duplication of services, prevent medical errors, and reduce cost.
Health Literacy
- Capacity of someone to obtain, process and understand basic health information needed to make appropriate health decisions.
