6.2 - PEAT 2 (Section 2)

Question 1

Describe the appropriate parameters for NMES for strenthening

Answer 1

Intensity: As high as tolerated of maximum voluntary contraction
Duty cycle: 20% (rest period should be 5x as long as the hold cycle)
Duration: at least 10 contractions (so at least 10 min)

Question 2

What movements of the temporomandibular joints are MOST informative to confirm TMD?

Answer 2

Depression & elevation

Question 3

How does pregnancy (third trimester) impact the following:

Oxygen consumption
Cardiac output
HR

Answer 3

Oxygen consumption increases 15-20%
CO increases 30-60%
HR increases

Question 4

What is a comminuted fracture?

Answer 4

A bone that is broken in at least 2 places

Question 5

What is the innervation of the femoral N?

Answer 5

L2-L4

Question 6

Are visual stimuli beneficial for patients with Parkinsons disease?

Answer 6

YES
ex: visual cue on the floor

Question 7

Describe the stages of lymphedema

Answer 7

Stage 1:
- Pitting edema
- Edema that is reversible w/ elevation
- Limbs are normal size upon waking
- Swelling can increase w/ activity, heat, and humidity

Stage 2:
- Nonpitting edema (or difficult to pit)
- Irreversible edema
- Edema does NOT resolve overnight
- Fibrosis may emerge

Stage 3:
- Significant scar tissue & fibrosis
- Severe nonpitting fibrotic edema
- Atrophic changes - hardening of dermis, skin folds, skin papilloma

Question 8

What breath sounds will likely be auscultated in a patient who has emphysema and no acute symptoms?

Answer 8

Diminished breath sounds

Question 9

What are each of the following breath sounds typically associated with?

Crackles
Friction rub
Low-pitched wheeze
Diminished breath sounds

Answer 9

Crackles - present w/ secretions in peripheral airways

Friction rub - pleural effusion

Low-pitched wheeze - obstructions (bronchospasm, asthma)

Diminished breath sounds - present w/ emphysema

Question 10

What are hydrofiber dressings used for?

Answer 10

Heavily exudated wounds

Question 11

Dietary intake should allow weight loss at what rate?

Answer 11

No more than 1 kg/week

Question 12

What is an advantage of a rigid removable dressing versus bandaging in the acute stage (5 days post-op) following transtibial amputation?

Answer 12

Allows for early WB

Question 13

Describe the MMT grading for the trunk flexors

Answer 13

Grades 5, 4, & 3
- Supine w/ legs straight. Arms at varying positions
Grade 2, 1, & 0
- Supine w/ arms at sides. Knees flexed

Grade 2: Head lifts from the table, but scapulas do not clear table
Grade 3: Arms outstretched above the plane of the body. Scapulas clear table
Grade 4: Arms crossed over chest. Scapulas clear table
Grade 5: Hands by head. Scapulas clear table

Question 14

Describe the clinical presentation of radial tunnel syndrome

Answer 14

Results from OVERUSE

• Pain over the extensor muscle mass distal to the lateral epicondyle
• Long finger extension produces pain
• May have weakness of the finger and thumb extensors

Question 15

Describe the MOI & presentation of a partial slippage of the annular ligament (elbow)

Answer 15

MOI: longitudinal traction on an extended elbow

Injury typically occurs in children 2-3 yo

Question 16

What is lung consolidation?

Answer 16

Air in the lungs’ small airways is replaced with fluid, solid, or other material (ex: pus, blood, water, cells)

Question 17

A physical therapist is designing a rehabilitation program for a patient who has a recent diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis. The therapist should anticipate that as the disease progresses, the patient is MOST likely to require:

1. special precautions for osteoporosis.
2. a wheelchair for community mobility.
3. spinal surgery.
4. bilateral ankle-foot orthoses.

Answer 17

1. Special precautions for osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a skeletal complication associated with long-standing ankylosing spondylitis

Spinal surgery has a very limited role in the treatment of ankylosing spondylitis

Question 18

What is another name for the FABER test?

Answer 18

Patrick test

Question 19

How will an abnormal lymph node feel?

Answer 19

Firm, mobile, and tender or nontender

Question 20

Rate pressure product is most indicative of what cardiac factor?

Answer 20

Myocardial oxygen demand

Question 21

Which of the following clinical features is a CONTRAINDICATION to intermittent compression?

1.Past history of deep vein thrombosis

2.Impaired sensation

3.Local infection

4.Peripheral neuropathy

Answer 21

Local infection

Impaired sensation & peripheral neuropathy is a precaution
Recent or acute DVT is a contraindication, but not a history or predisposition