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NPTE Study > 2.1 - Neuro - PPT Nerve Roots & Peripheral Nerves > Flashcards

2.1 - Neuro - PPT Nerve Roots & Peripheral Nerves Flashcards

Thursday, Week 2

1
Q

Describe where the nerve roots exit in relation to their relative vertebrae

A
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2
Q

Describe the different “sections” of the brachial plexus

A
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3
Q

Draw out or describe the brachial plexus

A
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4
Q

When discussing “posterior cord syndrome”, what nerve is primarily affected?

A

Radial n

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5
Q

Describe the UE dermatomes & myotomes

A
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6
Q

Describe the sensory innervation for the major peripheral nerves

A
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7
Q

Describe the nerve roots for the UE reflexes

A
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8
Q

Describe each of the following types of nerve injuries:

Neuropraxia
Axonotmesis
Neurotmesis

A
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9
Q

Spinal Accessory Nerve

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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10
Q

What is lateral winging?
What can cause this?

A
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11
Q

Suprascapular N (C5-6)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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12
Q

Long Thoracic N (C5-7)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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13
Q

Musculocutaneous N (C5-6)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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14
Q

Axillary N (C5-6)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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15
Q

What is a common nerve injury that can occur with anterior shoulder dislocations?

A

Axillary N

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16
Q

Radial N (C6-T1)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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17
Q

Posterior Interosseous N

What nerve is this a branch of?
Describe a common location for this nerve to be injured
Describe how to differentiate between dysfunction of this nerve vs the other nerve

A
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18
Q

Describe common / potential MOIs for a radial nerve injury

A
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19
Q

Median N (C5-T1)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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20
Q

Anterior Interosseus N

What nerve is this a branch of?

A
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21
Q

What special test can be used to identify median N (anterior interosseous N) dysfunction?

A
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22
Q

A patient is unable to bend digits 1-3 while trying to make a fist. What nerve lesion does this likely indicate? Why?

A
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23
Q

Ulnar N (C8-T1)

Muscle Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

A
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24
Q

What special test can be used to identify a lesion of the ulnar N?

Describe this test

25
Q

Describe the resting hand posture that may be present following an ulnar N lesion

26
Q

What is Erb’s Palsy?

Describe the posture / positioning found with Erb’s Palsy

27
Q

What is Klumpke’s Palsy?

Describe the hand deformity

28
Q

Clinical Application: What muscle weakness would occur as a result of a mid humeral shaft fracture?

29
Q

What nerve injury is likely to be present with incorrect use of the axillary bar of axillary crutches?

30
Q

DDx: Weakness of elbow flexion & wrist ext; diminished brachioradialis reflex

A

C6 Nerve Root

31
Q

DDx: Sensory loss over webspace of thumb

32
Q

DDx: Weakness with shoulder abduction and ER

A

Axillary N

33
Q

DDx: Weakness with shoulder abduction; sensory loss of anterior forearm; diminished biceps reflex

A

C5 nerve root

34
Q

DDx: No tip-to-tip pinch of 1st-2nd fingers

A

Anterior interosseous nerve syndrome (median N)

35
Q

DDx: Deep shoulder pain; weakness w/ ER

A

Suprascapular N

36
Q

DDx: Ape hand

37
Q

Describe how a paracentral disc herniation would affect the nerve roots in the lower lumbar spine

38
Q

A patient has an MRI showing a L4-5 paracentral intervertebral disc herniation. What grouping of symptoms is likely to be present?

a) Weakness w/ knee extension, paresthesia medial thigh
b) Weakness w/ PF, paresthesia dorsum of foot
c) Weakness w/ great toe ext, paresthesia dorsum of foot
d) Weakness w/ knee flexion, paresthesia medial thigh

A

C
(L5 nerve root)

39
Q

Describe the LE dermatomes & myotomes

40
Q

Femoral N (L2-4)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

41
Q

What can cause a forward trunk lean during gait? Why?

42
Q

What can cause a backwards trunk lean during gait? Why?

43
Q

The saphenous N is a branch of what nerve?

44
Q

Obturator N (L2-4)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

45
Q

Superior Gluteal N (L4-S1)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

46
Q

Inferior Gluteal N (L5-S2)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

47
Q

What are the branches of the sciatic N?

A

Tibial & common peroneal N

48
Q

Tibial N (L4-S3)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

49
Q

The Sural N is a branch of what peripheral N?

50
Q

Superficial Peroneal N (L4-S2)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

51
Q

Deep Peroneal N (L4-S2)

Motor Innervation
Sensory Innervation
Clinical Findings

52
Q

Describe the actions of tibialis posterior vs fibularis longus

A

Tib Post - PF, inversion
Fib Long - PF, eversion

53
Q

Which muscle would be most helpful to target to limit / correct excessive pronation?

A

Tibial Posterior

54
Q

Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome

Description
Clinical Presentation

55
Q

DDx: Weak DF; sensory loss over 1st webspace

A

Deep Peroneal N

56
Q

DDx: 1+ Patellar tendon reflex; weak hip flexion; loss of sensation on medial malleolus

57
Q

DDx: Weak eversion

A

Superficial peroneal

58
Q

DDx: Weak toe flexion; lateral foot paresthesia

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