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NPTE Study > 1.1 CVP > Flashcards

1.1 CVP Flashcards

CVP - Thursday, Week 1 - Lecture 4.1

1
Q

Describe the basic anatomy of the heart

Primary arteries & veins; valves; blood flow; etc.

A
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2
Q

If a clot forms on the R side of the heart, where is this likely to travel to?

L side of the heart?

A
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3
Q

Describe the layers of the heart

A
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4
Q

Describe where to auscultate the different valves of the heart

A
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5
Q

Describe the normal HR ranges for adults, children, & newborns

A

Newborns 120-140 bpm
6-12 yo 70-110 bpm
12-17 yo 55-105 bpm
Adults 60-100 bpm

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6
Q

Describe the normal heart sounds & the physiology that produces these sounds

A
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7
Q

Describe the abnormal heart sounds & the pathophysiology that produces these sounds

A
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8
Q

Describe the classifications of BP

A
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9
Q

Define each of the following terms

Preload
Afterload
Stroke Volume
Ejection Fraction

A
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10
Q

What is a normal resting EDV?

A

120 mL

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11
Q

What is a normal resting SV?

A

80 mL

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12
Q

What is a normal resting EF?

A

55-75%

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13
Q
A
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14
Q

What ejection fraction is indicative of heart failure?

A

<40%

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15
Q

Describe the typical cardiovascular responses to exercise

A
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16
Q

Describe the cardiovascular responded to UE vs LE exercises at the same workload

A
17
Q

Describe the termination criteria for exercise

A
18
Q

Describe the function of the vagus nerve

A
19
Q

Describe the impact of the vagus nerve on cardiovascular function

A
20
Q

Describe how a carotid massage impacts cardiovascular responses

A
21
Q

Describe the cardiovascular responses to the valsalva maneuver

A
22
Q

What is the International Normalized Ratio?

What is a normal INR?
What does a higher vs lower INR indicate?

What is the standard “therapeutic” target range?

A

INR - an indicator of blood clotting ability

Normal = 1.0
Higher = slower clotting time; increased risk for bleeding
Lower = faster clotting time; increased risk for clots, CVA

Standard “therapeutic” target range = 2.0-3.0

23
Q

What can increase INR?
What are these individuals at risk of?

A

Coumadin
Aspirin
Alcohol

Slower clotting time; increased risk of bleeding

24
Q

What can decrease INR?
What are these individuals at risk of?

A

Excessive Vitamin K (avocado, kale, spinach)
CoQ10
Green tea

Blood clots; CVA

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