1.1 CVP Flashcards
CVP - Thursday, Week 1 - Lecture 4.1
Describe the basic anatomy of the heart
Primary arteries & veins; valves; blood flow; etc.
If a clot forms on the R side of the heart, where is this likely to travel to?
L side of the heart?
Describe the layers of the heart
Describe where to auscultate the different valves of the heart
Describe the normal HR ranges for adults, children, & newborns
Newborns 120-140 bpm
6-12 yo 70-110 bpm
12-17 yo 55-105 bpm
Adults 60-100 bpm
Describe the normal heart sounds & the physiology that produces these sounds
Describe the abnormal heart sounds & the pathophysiology that produces these sounds
Describe the classifications of BP
Define each of the following terms
Preload
Afterload
Stroke Volume
Ejection Fraction
What is a normal resting EDV?
120 mL
What is a normal resting SV?
80 mL
What is a normal resting EF?
55-75%
What ejection fraction is indicative of heart failure?
<40%
Describe the typical cardiovascular responses to exercise
Describe the cardiovascular responded to UE vs LE exercises at the same workload
Describe the termination criteria for exercise
Describe the function of the vagus nerve
Describe the impact of the vagus nerve on cardiovascular function
Describe how a carotid massage impacts cardiovascular responses
Describe the cardiovascular responses to the valsalva maneuver
What is the International Normalized Ratio?
What is a normal INR?
What does a higher vs lower INR indicate?
What is the standard “therapeutic” target range?
INR - an indicator of blood clotting ability
Normal = 1.0
Higher = slower clotting time; increased risk for bleeding
Lower = faster clotting time; increased risk for clots, CVA
Standard “therapeutic” target range = 2.0-3.0
What can increase INR?
What are these individuals at risk of?
Coumadin
Aspirin
Alcohol
Slower clotting time; increased risk of bleeding
What can decrease INR?
What are these individuals at risk of?
Excessive Vitamin K (avocado, kale, spinach)
CoQ10
Green tea
Blood clots; CVA
