4.4 - PT Final Exam 1 Review (Section 4)

Question 1

Describe the ROM guidelines following a rTSA

Answer 1

For 12 weeks:
Extension to neutral
IR to neutral
0-20 deg ER
Up to 90-120 deg elevation

Question 2

What position can be beneficial for patients w/ GERD? Why?

Answer 2

L sidelying
- Because the lower esophagus bends to the L

Question 3

Describe a case-control vs cohort study

Answer 3

Case-control - retrospective study in which a group of subjects with a condition of interest are identified for research after outcomes are achieved

Cohort - prospective study in which a cohort of patients with a similar condition receives an intervention, is followed over time, and is evaluated for outcomes

Question 4

WB plantarflexion without inversion is a sign of what?

Answer 4

Weakness of tibialis posterior

Question 5

65 yo M presents w/ BP of 139.89, ejection fraction of 50%, dyspnea, and fatigue. Which training intensity would be MOST appropriate to initiate aerobic exercise at?

Answer 5

40-50% HRmax

40-50% can produce a training effect in those who are elderly or w/ severe ventricular dysfunction

Question 6

How should ntg tablets be taken?

Answer 6

Sublingual

May be taken 5 minutes prophylactically before activities
May be taken up to 3x at 5-minute intervals before calling 911

NO water

Question 7

Describe how to bias the common peroneal nerve during a SLR test

Answer 7

Plantarflexion & inversion

Hip flexion, IR
Knee ext
Foot PF & inversion

Question 8

How long should ice be applied for to control edema and pain?

Answer 8

10-20 minutes

Question 9

Describe the normal values & values that contraindicate exercise for each of the following

Hct
Hb
Platelet
WBC

Answer 9

Hct <25%
Hb <8
Platelet <20,000
WBC <5,000

Question 10

Describe Hoffmann’s sign

Answer 10

Flick the middle fingernail down

(+) = flexion of the thumb and fingers

Indicates an UMN lesion

Question 11

Describe the risk factors / predictors for nephrolithiasis

Answer 11

History of kidney stones
Male
Living in a humid envt
White males are 3x more likely (than African American)

Question 12

If a patient has a Doppler duplex ultrasonography ordered / performed, but has not received the results, how should the therapist procede?

Answer 12

Hold treatment until the results of the test are received

Patient is suspected of having a DVT. Mobilizing the patient would increased BF and potentially dislodge the clot

Question 13

What exercises should be avoided for patients w/ DMD?

Answer 13

High resistance & eccentric exercises

Question 14

What key muscle groups should initial treatment in a patient w/ DMD target?

Answer 14

Abdominals
Hip abductors & extensors
Knee extensors

Question 15

How should a written documentation error be corrected?

Answer 15

Cross out the error w/ a line
Initial & date the error

Question 16

Describe the LE extension synergy pattern following a CVA

Answer 16

Hip ext, add, & IR
Knee ext
Ankle PF & inv

Question 17

Which nerve root is a herniation at the L4 disc likely to compress?

Answer 17

L5 nerve root

Question 18

Describe the presentation of a superficial partial thickness vs deep partial thickness burn wound

Answer 18

Superficial partial thickness:
- Bright red
- Brisk capillary refill
- Moderate edema
- Unbroken blisters

Deep Partial Thickness:
- Waxy white
- Marked edema
- Slow capillary refill

Question 19

A lesion of what artery is likely to cause Pusher Syndrome?

Answer 19

MCA - affects the posterolateral thalamus

Question 20

What percentage of BW can be transferred away from the involved limb with use of a SPC during gait?

Answer 20

10-20%

Question 21

Describe Homan’s Sign

Answer 21

DVT

Squeeze calf of involved limb

(+) = reproduction of patient’s symptoms

Question 22

Describe Stemmer’s sign

Answer 22

Lymphedema

Lift the dorsal folds of skin of the fingers & toes

(+) = skin is resistant to or cannot be lifted

Question 23

Why can use of the parallel bars be beneficial compared to a SPC for early gait training in a patient w/ pusher syndrome following a stroke?

Answer 23

Decreases the tendency to push to the affected side
Helps facilitate midline orientation

Once patient has progressed, the cane height could be lowered to compensate for the tendency to push towards the weak side

Question 24

What structures run through the carpal tunnel?

Answer 24

Tendons of FDS
Tendons of FDP
FPL
Median nerve

Question 25

Describe how to perform the Dix-Hallpike

Which type of nystagmus would you expect to observe while performing this test?

Answer 25

Down ear = involved ear
Nystagmus: Upbeating & torsion twds involved side

Turned towards L = L ear involved
Nystagmus: L torsional & upbeating nystagmus

“Upbeating” = beating superiorly

Question 26

Describe the normal values for the following lipid profiles

Total cholesterol
LDL
HDL
Triglycerides

Answer 26

HDL >50
LDL <100
Triglycerides <150
Total cholesterol <200

Question 27

What is another name for S4 heart sound? Describe what happens during this

Answer 27

Atrial gallop

Occurs at the end of diastole during atrial contraction –> rapid filling of a stiff heart (MI, chronic hypertension)

Question 28

Describe a diastolic vs systolic heart murmur

Answer 28

Diastolic heart murmur - occurs after S2

Systolic heart murmur - occurs between S1 & S2

Question 29

What is a ventricular gallop?

Answer 29

Ventricular gallop = S3 heart sound

Rapid filling of a compliant ventricle

Acute heart failure

Question 30

Describe an abductor lurch gait pattern

Answer 30

Trendelenburg gait pattern

Question 31

Entrapment of ilioinguinal nerve

Nerve root
Cause of symptoms
Clinical Presentation

Answer 31

L1 nerve root

Cause: spasm or tightness of transverse abdominis muscle, as the ilioinguinal nerve lies within this muscle

Clinical Presentation:
- Sensory changes and/or pain on superior, anterior thigh; scrotum or labia
- AGG: ipsilateral hip extension; contralateral torso rotation