4.4 - PT Final Exam 1 Review (Section 4) Flashcards
Week 4, Thursday
Describe the ROM guidelines following a rTSA
For 12 weeks:
Extension to neutral
IR to neutral
0-20 deg ER
Up to 90-120 deg elevation
What position can be beneficial for patients w/ GERD? Why?
L sidelying
- Because the lower esophagus bends to the L
Describe a case-control vs cohort study
Case-control - retrospective study in which a group of subjects with a condition of interest are identified for research after outcomes are achieved
Cohort - prospective study in which a cohort of patients with a similar condition receives an intervention, is followed over time, and is evaluated for outcomes
WB plantarflexion without inversion is a sign of what?
Weakness of tibialis posterior
65 yo M presents w/ BP of 139.89, ejection fraction of 50%, dyspnea, and fatigue. Which training intensity would be MOST appropriate to initiate aerobic exercise at?
40-50% HRmax
40-50% can produce a training effect in those who are elderly or w/ severe ventricular dysfunction
How should ntg tablets be taken?
Sublingual
May be taken 5 minutes prophylactically before activities
May be taken up to 3x at 5-minute intervals before calling 911
NO water
Describe how to bias the common peroneal nerve during a SLR test
Plantarflexion & inversion
Hip flexion, IR
Knee ext
Foot PF & inversion
How long should ice be applied for to control edema and pain?
10-20 minutes
Describe the normal values & values that contraindicate exercise for each of the following
Hct
Hb
Platelet
WBC
Hct <25%
Hb <8
Platelet <20,000
WBC <5,000
Describe Hoffmann’s sign
Flick the middle fingernail down
(+) = flexion of the thumb and fingers
Indicates an UMN lesion
Describe the risk factors / predictors for nephrolithiasis
History of kidney stones
Male
Living in a humid envt
White males are 3x more likely (than African American)
If a patient has a Doppler duplex ultrasonography ordered / performed, but has not received the results, how should the therapist procede?
Hold treatment until the results of the test are received
Patient is suspected of having a DVT. Mobilizing the patient would increased BF and potentially dislodge the clot
What exercises should be avoided for patients w/ DMD?
High resistance & eccentric exercises
What key muscle groups should initial treatment in a patient w/ DMD target?
Abdominals
Hip abductors & extensors
Knee extensors
How should a written documentation error be corrected?
Cross out the error w/ a line
Initial & date the error
Describe the LE extension synergy pattern following a CVA
Hip ext, add, & IR
Knee ext
Ankle PF & inv
Which nerve root is a herniation at the L4 disc likely to compress?
L5 nerve root
Describe the presentation of a superficial partial thickness vs deep partial thickness burn wound
Superficial partial thickness:
- Bright red
- Brisk capillary refill
- Moderate edema
- Unbroken blisters
Deep Partial Thickness:
- Waxy white
- Marked edema
- Slow capillary refill
A lesion of what artery is likely to cause Pusher Syndrome?
MCA - affects the posterolateral thalamus
What percentage of BW can be transferred away from the involved limb with use of a SPC during gait?
10-20%
Describe Homan’s Sign
DVT
Squeeze calf of involved limb
(+) = reproduction of patient’s symptoms
Describe Stemmer’s sign
Lymphedema
Lift the dorsal folds of skin of the fingers & toes
(+) = skin is resistant to or cannot be lifted
Why can use of the parallel bars be beneficial compared to a SPC for early gait training in a patient w/ pusher syndrome following a stroke?
Decreases the tendency to push to the affected side
Helps facilitate midline orientation
Once patient has progressed, the cane height could be lowered to compensate for the tendency to push towards the weak side
What structures run through the carpal tunnel?
Tendons of FDS
Tendons of FDP
FPL
Median nerve
Describe how to perform the Dix-Hallpike
Which type of nystagmus would you expect to observe while performing this test?
Down ear = involved ear
Nystagmus: Upbeating & torsion twds involved side
Turned towards L = L ear involved
Nystagmus: L torsional & upbeating nystagmus
“Upbeating” = beating superiorly
Describe the normal values for the following lipid profiles
Total cholesterol
LDL
HDL
Triglycerides
HDL >50
LDL <100
Triglycerides <150
Total cholesterol <200
What is another name for S4 heart sound? Describe what happens during this
Atrial gallop
Occurs at the end of diastole during atrial contraction –> rapid filling of a stiff heart (MI, chronic hypertension)
Describe a diastolic vs systolic heart murmur
Diastolic heart murmur - occurs after S2
Systolic heart murmur - occurs between S1 & S2
What is a ventricular gallop?
Ventricular gallop = S3 heart sound
Rapid filling of a compliant ventricle
Acute heart failure
Describe an abductor lurch gait pattern
Trendelenburg gait pattern
Entrapment of ilioinguinal nerve
Nerve root
Cause of symptoms
Clinical Presentation
L1 nerve root
Cause: spasm or tightness of transverse abdominis muscle, as the ilioinguinal nerve lies within this muscle
Clinical Presentation:
- Sensory changes and/or pain on superior, anterior thigh; scrotum or labia
- AGG: ipsilateral hip extension; contralateral torso rotation
