2.2 - Integumentary - PPT Integumentary System

Question 1

Describe the following etiologies for integumentary injuries

Burns
Pressure Ulcers
Vascular Ulcers
Neuropathic Ulcers
Stomas
Lacerations
Abrasions

Question 2

Describe the primary functions of the integumentary system

Question 3

Describe the layers of the skin

Question 4

Describe the properties of the dermis layer

Question 5

What does the high vascularity of the dermis layer allow for?

Question 6

Describe the nerve endings that detect each of the following somatosensations

Pain / itch
Touch / pressure
Temperature
Vibration

Question 7

What is skin turgor?

What does skin turgor assess?
Describe how to assess this

Question 8

Describe the 3 stages of normal wound healing

Describe the typical timeframe for each phase

Question 9

Describe partial-thickness vs full-thickness wounds

Question 10

Describe epithelialization vs granulation

Question 11

Describe the ABCDE’s for identifying melanoma skin cancer

Question 12

What is a benign nevus?

Answer 12

Common mole

Question 13

Papule

Answer 13

Elevated nevus

Question 14

Wheal

Answer 14

irregular, transient superficial area of localized skin

ex: mosquito bite, hive, etc.

Question 15

Stoma

Answer 15

surgical opening (ex: colostomy)

Question 16

Describe the three broad types of debridement

Answer 16

Autolytic - seal it & let the body heal the wound

Mechanical - utilizing tools / instruments

Enzymatic - placement of external enzyme to break up eschar

Question 17

Describe the two types of mechanical debridement & examples of each

Answer 17

Selective - “some type of sharp is being used”
ex: scalpel, scissors, sharp

Non-Selective - can damage healthy, viable tissue
ex: whirlpool, lavage, wet-to-dry dressing, & scrubbing

Question 18

What is Panafil used for?

What is unique about the color when applying this?

Answer 18

Enzymatic debridement

May have a small green tinge. This is expected as necrotic tissue is discarded, as long as odor is not present

Question 19

Describe the characteristics of an infected vs inflamed wound

Answer 19

Infected Wound:
Splotchy, expansive redness
Systemic fever
Strong odor
Moderate to maximal exudate
Purulent exudate
persistent pain

Inflamed Wound:
Well defined borders
localized temperature increase
Weak odor
Minimal exudate
Senguineous exudate
Variable pain

Question 20

Describe the following dressing material:

Transparent film

Answer 20

No absorption
Easily monitor wounds
Seal & protect wounds

Best for superficial wounds w/ minimal exudate

Question 21

Describe the following dressing material:

Hydrogel

Answer 21

Used for dryer wounds (arterial)
Helps keep wound moist

Question 22

Describe the following dressing material:

Hydrocolloid dressing

Answer 22

Helps retain moisture
Used for dryer wounds (arterial wounds)

Question 23

Describe the following dressing material:

Impregnated Gauze

Answer 23

Often impregnated w/ petrolatum or iodine
Often used for packing wounds

Question 24

Describe the following dressing material:

Foam dressing

Answer 24

Absorptive
Used for moist wounds (venous)

Question 25

Describe the following dressing material:

Gauze

Answer 25

Absorptive
Used for moist wounds (venous)
Often used as a secondary (placed on top of another dressing in contact w/ the wound)

Question 26

Describe the following dressing material:

Calcium alginate

Answer 26

Very absorptive!
Wet wounds (venous)

Question 27

Describe the following dressing material:

Hydrofibers

Answer 27

MOST absorptive
Very wet wounds (venous)

Question 28

Describe the ideal environment for dressings to promote wound healing

Answer 28

Moist environment
Adequately absorbent
Impermeable (i.e., “seal it in”) - except for infected wounds
Flexible & filling
Easy to apply / remove
Inexpensive
Loosely packed, but full contact

Skin dry, wound moist

Question 29

Describe the clinical presentation of herpes zoster (shingles)

Answer 29

Dermatomal pattern
Pain, tingling, burning
Red patch / rash