4: KKDP 11 Dyssomnias and Parasomnias Flashcards
Dyssomnias:
Sleep disorders that involve difficulty initiating, maintaining and/or timing sleep.
E.g. of Dyssomnia:
Sleep-onset Insomnia
Sleep-onset Insomnia:
A sleep disorder involving persistent difficulty when falling asleep at the usual time
Symptoms (Insomnia):
- Regular failure to fall asleep within 20-30 mins after intending to go to sleep
- Complain of poor sleep quality or quantity
Causes (Insomnia):
Psychological
Physiological
Psychological:
- Stress
- Anxiety
Physiological:
- Excessive use of drugs or alcohol
- Shift work
Effects on sleep-wake cycle (Insomnia):
- Sleep tends to not be restful
- Excessive daytime tiredness
- Sleep onset tends to occur later than desired
Parasomnias:
Sleep disorders characterised by the occurence of inappropriate physiological and/or psychological activity during sleep or sleep-to-wake transitions
E.g. of Parasomnia:
Sleep Walking
Sleep-Walking:
Involves getting up from bed and walking about or performing other behaviours whilst asleep
…% of children sleep walk and …% of adults sleepwalk
7% of children sleep walk and 2% of adults sleep walk
Symptoms (Sleep-Walking):
- Mobility and activity during sleep
- Little to no awareness during an episode
- Usually occurs during NREM 3 and 4
Causes (Sleep Walking):
- Stress
- Anxiety
- May be partly hereditary
Effects on Sleep-Wake Cycle (Sleep-Walking):
- Loss of deep sleep
- Daytime sleepiness following an episode
