2: KKDP 5 Operant Conditioning Flashcards
Operant conditioning:
A type of learning whereby the consequences of behaviour determines the likelihood that it will be performed again in the future.
Desirable consequences:
Lead to an increased likelihood of a behaviour being repeated.
Undesirable consequence:
Lead to avoidance or a decrease in the likelihood of the behaviour being repeated
Three-Phrase model:
Antecedent
Behaviour
Consequence
Antecedent:
The stimulus that precedes a specific behaviour.
Behaviour:
The voluntary action that occurs in the presence of the antecedent stimulus.
Consequence:
The environmental event that occurs immediately after the behaviour and has an effect on the occurrence of the behaviour
Positive reinforcement:
Involves giving or applying a positive consequence after the desired response has been made, thus increasing the likelihood of the behaviour occurring again.
Negative reinforcement:
Involves the removal or avoidance of an unpleasant stimulus thus, increasing the likelihood of the desired response being repeated.
Punishment:
The delivery of an unpleasant consequence following a response, or the removal of a pleasant consequence following a response.
Response cost:
Involves the removal or loss of a stimulus and thereby decreasing the likelihood of a response occurring.
(O) Extinction:
The gradual decrease in the strength or rate of a CR following consistent non-reinforcement of the response.
(O) Spontaneous recovery:
Occurs after extinction and the organism once again shows the response in the absence of any reinforcement.
(O) Stimulus Generalisation:
Occurs when the correct response is made to another stimulus (Antecedent) that is similar to the stimulus that was present when the behaviour was reinforced.
Similarity 1:
Both models of learning
