3: KKDP 10 Factors influencing a person's ability to remember information

Question 1

Serial Position Effect:

Answer 1

Finding that free recall is better for items at the beginning and end of a list than for items in the middle.

Question 2

Primacy Effect:

Answer 2

Describes superior recall of items at the beginning of the list

Question 3

Recency Effect:

Answer 3

Describes superior recall of items at the end of the list.

Question 4

Maintenance Rehearsal:

Answer 4

Involves repeating the information being remembered over and over again, so that it can be retained in STM.

Question 5

MR Advantage:

Answer 5

Quick, simple and easy way of maintaining information in STM for longer than 30 seconds

Question 6

MR Disadvantage 1:

Answer 6

Process of repetition can easily be disrupted.

Question 7

MR Disadvantage 2:

Answer 7

Doesn’t always lead to long term retention

Question 8

Elaborative Rehearsal:

Answer 8

The process of linking new information in a meaningful way with other new information or information already stored in LTM to aid in its storage and future retrieval from LTM

Question 9

Example of Elaborative:

Answer 9

Mindmap, creating a story

Question 10

ER Advantage 1:

Answer 10

More effective for remembering new information because it is encoded well

Question 11

ER Advantage 2:

Answer 11

Much better to process material you want to store for long periods in a meaningful way

Question 12

ER Disadvantage 1:

Answer 12

Requires more mental effort as it is a more active and effortful process

Question 13

ER Disadvantage 2:

Answer 13

Can be time consuming

Question 14

Retrieval Cues:

Answer 14

Any stimulus that assists the process of locating and recovering information stored in memory.

Question 15

Context Dependent Cues:

Answer 15

Are environmental prompts in the specific situation where a memory was formed that act as retrieval cues to help access the memories from in that context. E.G. Sights, sounds

Question 16

State Dependent Cues:

Answer 16

Are associated with an individual’s internal physiological and/or psychological state at the time the memory was formed, and act as retrieval cues to help access those memories.