3.4 Sleep and Rest Patterns part 3 Flashcards
What are parasomnias
group of sleep disorders that occur during NREM and REM sleep
Parasomnia is a sleep disorder that involves abnormal behaviors or experiences that occur during sleep or when waking up
What are examples of NREM parasomnias
7
- confusional arousals
- somnambulism (sleep walking)
- night terrors
- rhythmic movement disorders
- benign neonatal sleep myoclonus
- bruxism
- nocturnal enuresis
What is the main REM parasomnia
1
nightmares
What are common precipitating factors for NREM parasomnias
things that interrupt sleep –> when this interruption occurs it causes partial awakening resulting in parasomnia (scary dream)
Examples of precipitating factors:
SDB, PLM, sleep deprivation, stress, fever, being overheated at night, a full bladder, and use of central nervous system depressant medications.
Identification and treatment of primary sleep disorders such as PLMs and OSA often result in the resolution of parasomnia symptoms
What OTC med is known for causing parasomnias in kids
benadryl
increase N3 sleep
table 20.2 page 288
During which phase of sleep do NREM parasomnias typically occur
N3
most kids have memories of parasomnias in NREM
Should you wake a kid up during any parasomnia
no- con prolong the episode
Are NREM parasomnias often inherited
yes
Are NREM parainsomnias normal for kids
yes
What are NREM parasomnia- confusion arousals
when kids are awaken from deep sleep - will sit up, be dazed, slow to respond.
occur between 2-5 years old, benign
Confusional arousals occur when a child is awakened from a deep sleep during the first part of the night and is also known as excessive sleep inertia or sleep drunkenness
Children will sit up in bed, appear dazed, and often react slowly to questions.
Confusional arousals occur around 2 years of age and are typically benign but frightening for the parents.
They generally diminish around 5 years of age.
what is the typical age kids are affected by confusion arousal
2-5 years old
What are NREM parasomnia- sleep walking
begins as confusion arousal, dazed, slurred speech, walking around
Sleep walking or stalking typically begins as confusional arousals but can also begin with the child getting out of bed and running with complex movements.
The child typically appears dazed with open eyes, and the speech is mumbled and slurred.
Sleep walking is common, occurring in approximately 1% to 15% of children, and is usually benign.
The parasomnias are common around 4 years of age and resolve around 8 years of
age.
Of the parasomnias, sleep
walking has the potential to be the most dangerous (injury risk)
what is the typical age sleep walking affects kids
4-8 years old
What are NREM paranomnias- night terrors
extreme agitation when child wakes, involves screaming, sweating
child is still actually asleep even tho eyes open, pupils dilated etc
can be prolonged with parent interference
Night terrors are characterized by an extreme state of agitation
when the child awakens from N3 sleep screaming. Dilated pupils, increased heart rate, and sweating are common. Like other arousals, they are typically short but can be prolonged with parental nterference. Night terrors are reported in 1% to 6% of children, typically occurring after 18 months of age and resolved by 6 years of age
