2.3 Developmental Assessment - common neonatal skin conditions and HEENT conditions Flashcards
Make cue cards and picture cards for skin conditions
FYI
What is molding in terms of birth and newborns
the temporary shaping or alteration of newborns skill during process of vag delivery
This occurs as the baby’s head adapts to fit through the mother’s birth canal, which can be relatively narrow and exerts pressure on the infant’s skull.
The newborn’s skull is composed of several bony plates connected by sutures (fibrous joints) and fontanelles (soft spots).
These structures are not fully fused at birth, allowing the skull to be flexible and accommodating during delivery.
What is caput succedaneum
diffuse superficial swelling of the soft tissue of the scalp
also possible underlying bruising
swelling usually crosses suture lines but can be localized
What causes caput succedaneum
trauma as the baby descends through the birth canal
higher risk of this in traumatic deliveries
What are the 2 clinical findings that indicate caput succedaneum
- obvious swelling and bruising in parietal regions of scalp
- superficial swelling that crosses suture lines
What is the management of caput succedaneum
no treatment- resolves spontaneously within first few days of life
if there is bruising, observe the baby for the development of jaundice as the blood
from bruising is reabsorbed.
The blood in the cephalohematoma undergoes hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells) over time.
As red blood cells break down, they release hemoglobin, which is metabolized into unconjugated bilirubin (indirect bilirubin).
What is a primary differential for caput succedaneum
cephalohematoma
What is a cephalohematoma
deep collection of blood in subperiosteal area of scalp
The subperiosteal area of the scalp refers to the space between the periosteum (the dense connective tissue layer covering the skull bones) and the underlying bone itself.
This area is clinically significant because it can be involved in certain conditions or injuries, especially in newborns and young children.
What are the two key distinctions that makes cephalohematoma different from caput succedaneum
- does not cross suture lines
- typically no visible bruising
caput is primarily swelling- cephalohematoma is primarily blood
reminder of suture lines of infant
What causes a cephalohematoma
trauma from difficult delivery
What is the management of cephalohematoma
none- resolves within few days
again important to monitor for jaundice as blood absorbs
The blood in the cephalohematoma undergoes hemolysis (breakdown of red blood cells) over time.
As red blood cells break down, they release hemoglobin, which is metabolized into unconjugated bilirubin (indirect bilirubin).
What is a craniotabes
thinning of the bone of the scalp
normal variation of parietal bone usually near sagital suture line- most often seen in premature newborns
What clinical finding is hallmark of craniotabes
ping-pong effect when pressing on parietal bone
What is the management of craniotabes
nothing- resolves spontaneously
