3 - OVERVIEW PART 2 Flashcards
innate vs adaptive immunity timing
innate: first line of defense, fast but non specific
adaptive: slower, 5-6+ days
innate vs adaptive immunity receptor characteristics
innate:
encoded in germ line
limited number
unchanging
adaptive:
randomly generated
huge diversity
highly specific
innate vs adaptive immunity key cell types
innate: phagocytic (macrophages and more)
adaptive: lymphocytes (B and T cells)
innate vs adaptive immunity actions
innate: induces local inflammation
adaptive: responsible for specific immune response
clear infection
result in memory
innate vs adaptive immunity response to repeat infection
innate: same each time
adaptive: more rapid and effective with each subsequent infection
innate and adaptive immunity major components
innate: barriers, phagocytes, pattern recognition molecules
adaptive: T and B lymphocytes, antigen specific receptors, antibodies
what are PRRs
expressed by innate immune cells the cells are covered in these receptors
what are PAMPs
what does activation of PRRs on cells trigger
inflammation: redness, heat, swelling and pain
you get vasodilation that increases permeability of immune cells to enter site of infection -> some fluid enters as well
how do DC link innate and adaptive immunity
T cells then activate B cells
how are T cells activated
this all happens in peripheral lymphoid tissues (lymph nodes)
how are antigens presented
T-cells only look at epitopes presented on MHC
DCs have MHC
what are the B cell receptors and what do they look like
B cell receptor
antibody aka immunoglobulin when secreted
antibodies characteristics
plasma cells are a type of B cell
where do B and T cells originate from?
bone marrow and thymus are central lymphoid organs
difference between B and T cell receptors
difference between B and T cell antigen recognition
how are different specificities of BCR and TCR accomplished?
the gene editing and rearrangement is random: if there are lymphocytes that react to self antigens, they are eliminated
clonal selection of lymphocytes
what do T and B cells become once activated
difference between humoral and cell mediated immunity
what do some different types of T cells do
help activate B cells: follicular helper cells
boost activity of macrophages: Th1
kill infected cells directly: cytotoxic T cells
immunization, active vs passive
