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Immunology And Serology BOARD EXAM > 2nd Page > Flashcards

2nd Page Flashcards

1
Q

What is immunity?

A

The sum total of the defense mechanisms of the human body to resist infectious disease.

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2
Q

What are the two main types of immunity?

A

Innate and Adaptive

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3
Q

What is INNate Immunity?

A

Natural, Non-specific immunity.

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4
Q

What is Adaptive Immunity?

A

Acquired, specific immunity.

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5
Q

What are the 1st line of defense?

A

External - physical and biochemical

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6
Q

What are the 2nd line of defense?

A

Internal - cellular and fluid components

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7
Q

What is Cellular Immunity?

A

Involves active Ag and passive Ab

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8
Q

What is Humoral Immunity?

A

Involves active Ag and passive Ab

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9
Q

What are the 3rd line of defense?

A

Cellular Immunity and Humoral Immunity

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10
Q

It is TLRs (toll-like receptors) (Immunity)

A

Natural

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11
Q

Protection by natural means without antibody production (Immunity)

A

Natural

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12
Q

Present at birth (Immunity)

A

Natural

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13
Q

Have uniform response (Immunity)

A

Natural

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14
Q

Lacks memory (Immunity)

A

Natural

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15
Q

Rapid/ Immediate (Immunity)

A

Natural

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16
Q

Have specific T and B cells (Immunity)

A

Acquired

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17
Q

Have short duration (Immunity)

A

Natural

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18
Q

Involves antibody production (Immunity)

19
Q

Diverse response (Immunity)

20
Q

Not present at birth (Immunity)

21
Q

With memory (Immunity)

22
Q

Long duration (Immunity)

23
Q

What are under physical barriers?

A

intact skin
mucuous membrane
cilia
cough reflux

24
Q

What are under biochemical secretions?

A

lysozyme
lactic acid
sebum
earwax

25
Q

What are under cellular components in 2nd line?

A

phagocytic cells
eosinophils
basophils and mast cells
APCs
NK cells

26
Q

What are under humoral components in 2nd line?

A

Complement
Cytokines
Lysozymes
Properdin
Betalysin

27
Q

What are under cellular components in 3rd line?

A

Specialized lymphocytes
T cells
B cells
Plasma cells
APCs

28
Q

What are under humoral components in 3rd line?

A

ACC

Antibodies
Cytokines
Complement

29
Q

What is the substance introduced in active immunity?

AG

30
Q

What is the substance introduced in passive immunity?

PB

31
Q

What is Ab production in ACTIVE immunity?

A

Done by the body

32
Q

What is Ab production in PASSIVE immunity?

A

Not done by the body

33
Q

What is the duration of immunity in Active Immunity?

34
Q

What is the duration of immunity in Passive Immunity?

A

Short term

35
Q

What is immunity response in Active Immunity?

36
Q

What is immunity response in Passive Immunity?

A

Rapid I Immediate

37
Q

What are examples of artificial active immunity?

A
  1. Vaccination for smallpox
  2. BCG for Mycobacterium bovis
  3. Cholera vaccine
  4. Toxoid for Clostridium tetani
  5. Polio
38
Q

What are examples of natural active immunity?

A

Actual infection

39
Q

What are examples of natural passive immunity?

A
  1. Pregnancy
  2. Colostrum (rich in IgA)
40
Q

What are examples of artificial passive immunity?

A
  1. Anti-rabies serum
  2. Rhogam
  3. HBIG (Human HBIG to prevent hepatitis B in those not actively immunized with the HepB vaccine)
41
Q

The process by which powder form of smallpox scabs or lesions was inhaled by affected individuals to produce protection against smallpox

A

Variolation

42
Q

The process by which a material from cowpox lesions was injected into individuals with smallpox to develop immunity against it

A

Vaccination

43
Q

The process by which a less infectious form of an agent is produced through heat, aging, or chemical means

A

Attenuation

44
Q

The phenomenon in which exposure to one agent produces protection against another agent

A

Cross-immunity

Immunology And Serology BOARD EXAM (32 decks)

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