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Immunology And Serology BOARD EXAM > 12th Page > Flashcards

12th Page Flashcards

1
Q

What is the approximate molecular weight of a light chain?

A

~25 kDa

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2
Q

How many amino acids are in a light chain?

A

~220 amino acids

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3
Q

What are the two types of light chains?

A

Kappa (k) and Lambda (λ) chains

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4
Q

Which chromosome is the Kappa light chain located on?

A

Chromosome 2

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5
Q

Which chromosome is the Lambda light chain located on?

A

Chromosome 22

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6
Q

Are both Kappa and Lambda light chains found in all 5 classes of immunoglobulin?

A

Yes, but only one type is present in a given molecule.

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7
Q

What is the approximate molecular weight of a heavy chain?

A

~50 - 70 kDa

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8
Q

How many amino acids are in a heavy chain?

A

~440 amino acids

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9
Q

Which chromosome is the heavy chain located on?

A

Chromosome 14

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10
Q

Ig type in Heavy Chain (GAMED)

A

They are unique to each class and give each Ig type its name: IgG, IgA, IgM, IgE, IgD.

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11
Q

What is the difference between allotype and idiotype?

A

Allotype refers to variations in constant regions (Gm groups), while idiotype refers to variations in variable regions.

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12
Q

Same heavy chain for each class/ H chain that is unique to each antibody

A

Isotype

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13
Q

Hinge region in Heavy chain is located where?

A

It is located between CH1 and CH2.

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14
Q

What is a characteristic finding in the urine of a patient with multiple myeloma?

A

BJP - Bence Jones Proteins

Light chains are found in the urine.

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15
Q

What are the two distinct regions contained in each light and heavy chain?

A

Variable (V) regions and Constant (C) regions.

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16
Q

How many amino acids of the N-terminal in a light chain are in variable region

A

First 110 amino acids

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17
Q

Variable region is also called?

A

Complimentary Determining region

Hypervariable regions

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18
Q

How many constant regions are in a light chain?

A

Single constant region.

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19
Q

How many constant regions are typically found in heavy chains?

A

3 - 4 constant regions.

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20
Q

What forms the basis of antibody classification?

A

Constant regions.

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21
Q

Domains

A

regions in Ab molecule

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22
Q

Components of IgG, IgA, IgD

L-1:1
H-1:3

A

The light chain has 2 domains: 1 VL and 1 CL.

The heavy chain has 4 domains: 1 VH and 3 CH.

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23
Q

What are the components of IgM and IgE?

L-1:1
H-1:4

A

1 light chain (2 domains: 1 VL and 1 CL)

1 heavy chain (5 domains: 1 VH and 4 CH).

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24
Q

Proteolytic/Chemical treatment of immunoglobulins.

A

Pepsin
Papain
Mercaptoethanol

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25
Q

What Ig has monomer structure?

A

Ig GADE

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26
Q

What is the structure of IgA?

A

Monomer and Dimer

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27
Q

What is the structure of IgM?

28
Q

What Ig has 75 sedimentation coefficient?

29
Q

What Ig has 195 sedimentation coefficient?

30
Q

What Ig has 85 sedimentation coefficient?

31
Q

What is the molecular weight of IgG?

32
Q

What is the molecular weight of IgA?

33
Q

What is the molecular weight of IgM?

34
Q

What is the molecular weight of IgE?

35
Q

What is the molecular weight of IgD?

36
Q

What is the percent of total immunoglobulin?

IgG

37
Q

What is the percent of total immunoglobulin?

IgA

38
Q

What is the percent of total immunoglobulin?

IgM

39
Q

What is the percent of total immunoglobulin?

IgD

40
Q

What is the percent of total immunoglobulin?

IgE

41
Q

What is the serum half-life of IgG?

42
Q

What is the serum half-life of IgA?

43
Q

What is the serum half-life of IgM?

44
Q

What is the serum half-life of IgD?

45
Q

What is the serum half-life of IgE?

46
Q

What Ig has C’ fixation?

47
Q

What Ig has no C’ fixation?

48
Q

Does Ig only cross the placenta?

49
Q

What are the subclasses of IgG?

A

IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, and IgG4.

They are numbered according to their abundance in the serum: IgG1 > IgG2 > IgG3 > IgG4.

50
Q

Which IgG is the most abundant in blood?

A

IgG

It constitutes approximately 67% of IgG subclasses.

51
Q

Which IgG subclass is most efficient in crossing the placenta?

A

IgG1

IgG2 cannot cross the placenta.

52
Q

Which IgG subclass is most efficient in complement fixation?

A

IgG3

It has the longest hinge region.

53
Q

Which IgG subclass cannot fix complement?

54
Q

Which IgG subclass cannot cross the placenta?

55
Q

IgG3

A

longest hinge region among IgG subclasses

56
Q

Ig of longest half-life

57
Q

Ig with long term immunity

58
Q

Warm antibodies

59
Q

Predominant antibody in secondary

60
Q

Ig of anamnestic immune response

61
Q

Chronic Ig

62
Q

Non-agglutination Ig

63
Q

How many disulfides are there in IgG 1 (67%)

A

2 disulfide bonds.

64
Q

How many disulfides are there in IgG2 (22%)

A

4 disulfide bonds

65
Q

How many disulfides are there in IgG3 (7%)

A

15 disulfide bonds

66
Q

How many disulfides are there in IgG4 (4%)

A

2 disulfide bonds

67
Q

What role do macrophages, monocytes, and neutrophils play regarding IgG?

A

They have receptors on their surfaces that are specific for the FC region of IgG, enhancing contact between antigen and phagocytic cells, and increasing the efficiency of phagocytosis.

Immunology And Serology BOARD EXAM (32 decks)

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