11th Page

Question 1

HLA-B5

Answer 1

Behcet’s syndrome

Question 2

HLA-B8 (C-TAD-SMCT)

Answer 2

Celiac disease
Type I DM
AAdenocortical hyperfunction
Dermatomyositis
Sjogren’s
Myasthemia Gravis
Chronic Active Hepatitis
Thyrotoxicosis

Example: Celiac bucar

Question 3

HLA-B27 (ASAR)

Answer 3

Ankylosing Spondylitis
Spondylitis
Anterior Uveitis
Reiter’s disease

Question 4

HLA-BW15

Answer 4

Type 1 DM

Question 5

HLA-BW38

Answer 5

Psoriatic arthritis

Question 6

HLA-DR2 (MG)

Answer 6

Multiple sclerosis

Goodpasture’s

Question 7

HLA-DR3 (SSS DAG)

Answer 7

Sjogren’s syndrome
SLE
Dermatitis herpetiformis
Addison’s dse
Gluten-sensitive enteropathy
Sub-acute Cutaneous lupus erythemathosus

Example: Dermatitis herpetiformis, Rheumatoid arthritis, Type 1 DM, Hashimoto thyroiditis

Question 8

HLA-DR4 (RTPG)

Answer 8

Rheumatoid arthritis
Type 1 DM
Pemphigus
Giant cell arthritis

Example: Pauciarticular juvenile arthritis

Question 9

HLA-DR5 (HSP)

Answer 9

Hashimoto thyroditis
Scleroderma
Pauciarticula juvenile arthritis

Question 10

What are the HLA detection methods?

Answer 10

1. Serological method
2. Cellular method
3. Molecular method

Question 11

What is the serological tests for HLA detection?

Answer 11

Microlymphocytotoxicity testing

Complement dependent cell cytotoxicity.

Question 12

Microlymphocytotoxicity testing
Complement dependent cell cytotoxicity

Tests for detection of?

Answer 12

MHC class I and II

Question 13

Microlymphocytotoxicity testing
Complement dependent cell cytotoxicity.

Uses what microscope?

Answer 13

Phase Contrast Microscope

Question 14

Microlymphocytotoxicity testing
Complement dependent cell cytotoxicity.

Anticoagulants used:

Answer 14

ACD or phenol-free heparinized blood.

Question 15

Microlymphocytotoxicity testing
Complement dependent cell cytotoxicity.

Uses what reagent?

Answer 15

Polyspecific AHG

Question 16

What suspension is used for the detection of MHC Class I?

Answer 16

Purified T cell and/or B cell suspension.

Question 17

What suspension is used for the detection of MHC Class II?

Answer 17

Purified B cell suspension.

Question 18

How is B-lymphocyte suspension prepared?

Answer 18

1. Nylon wool separation
2. Fluorescent labeling
3. Magnetic beads.

Question 19

2 methods for preparation of B-lymphocyte suspension

Answer 19

1. Nylon wool separation
2. Fluorescent labeling
3. Magnetic beads (BEST CHOICE)

Question 20

What is the cellular test for HLA detection?

Answer 20

Mixed lymphocyte reaction.

Question 21

What anticoagulants are used in Mixed lymphocyte reaction?

Answer 21

ACD or phenol-free heparinized blood.

Question 22

What do results from the cellular method report?

Answer 22

Counts per minute, stimulation index, or % relative response.

Question 23

What are the preferred test for HLA antigens?

Answer 23

Molecular methods:

PCR
RFLP (Restricted Fragment length polymorphism)

Question 24

What are antibodies/ immunoglobulins (gamma)?

Answer 24

Substances produced in response to antigenic stimulation that are capable of specific interaction with the provoking immunogen.

Glycoproteins

Basic Y shape

In Gamma (pH 8.6)

Question 25

Basic structure of all antibodies and structure of B Cell Receptors (BCRs) are same

Answer 25

True

Question 26

What is the basic structure of antibodies?

Answer 26

Made up of a basic four-chain polypeptide (tetrapeptide structure) consisting of 2 identical Heavy chains (H) and 2 identical Light chains (L).

Question 27

How are the heavy and light chains held together?

Answer 27

noncovalent forces and disulfide interchain bridges.

Question 28

What is attached to each heavy polypeptide chain?

Answer 28

Short carbohydrate chains

Question 29

Mid region = Hinge region

Hinge region has what?

Answer 29

Protein for flexibility.

Question 30

Stalk = what region?

Answer 30

Stem (Fc) region