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Neuroscience > 29 July 2019 > Flashcards

29 July 2019 Flashcards

1
Q

declarative memory needs three things?

A
  1. lot so repetition
  2. dependent on medial temporal lobe
  3. lots of sleep
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2
Q

episodic memory def:

A

things that we did

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3
Q

ie of episodic memory

A

i went to a fundraiser last night

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4
Q

semantic memory

A

common knowledge facts/figure not based on personal experience

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5
Q

example of semantic memory

A

the frontal lobe is in the front of your brain

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6
Q

procedural memory is what type of memory

A

implicit

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7
Q

def of procedural memory

A

motor memory that you can do but you can’t necessarily explain them

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8
Q

procedural memory needs a lot of

A

repetition

sleep

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9
Q

learning happens where/

A

the frontal lobe

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10
Q

how does the parietal lobe help procedural memory?

A

it feeds in sensory info about our surroundings

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11
Q

how does the basal ganglia help procedural memory?

A

it has the motor loop - so

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12
Q

how do you test the associative stage?

A

the walky talky test:

can a person walk and talk at the same time/ do two things at once

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13
Q

list the three stages of procedural memory?

A
  1. cognitive
  2. associative
  3. automatic
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14
Q

cognitive stage is the

A

what to do

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15
Q

associative stage is the

A

how to do it

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16
Q

automatic stage is the

A

do it part

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17
Q

proceduarl memory involves three things:

A

learning
storage
adjustment to environmental changes

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18
Q

what structures affect learning?

A

frontal cortex
parietal cortex
basal ganglia

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19
Q

what structures affects storage

A

supplementary motor area

basal ganglia

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20
Q

adjustment to governmental changes involves what structures?

A

cerebellum
parietal cortex
motor cortex

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21
Q

declarative memory dsfx is

A

amnesia

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22
Q

two types of amnesia are

A

retrograde

anterograde

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23
Q

retrograde amnesia is

A

lose of old memories

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24
Q

anterograde amnesia is

A

can’t make new memories

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25
Q

which amnesia is more common

A

anterograde > retrograde

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26
Q

is the location the same for declarative and procedural memory?

A

NO : stored in different locations of the brain

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27
Q

can you dx declaratie and not proceduarl memory and vice versa

A

yes because stored in different areas of the brain

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28
Q

limits of attention mean?

A

that if information that is not attended to is not processesd

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29
Q

orienting is

A

the ability to lcoate specific sensory stimuli from many

30
Q

divided attention is actually

A

switching attention

ability to switch back and forth between two tasks

31
Q

consciousness and level of arousal are from

A

the reticular formation

32
Q

therapy to increase attention?

A

keep it fun and interesting

get lots of sleep

33
Q

therapy for orientating?

A

stimulus starch environment that you grade to add more distractions

34
Q

example of orienting

A

ability to find the stop light when driving

35
Q

example of divided attention

A

looking at a stoplight then the car next to you and then back at the road

36
Q

selective attention

A

can attend to one stimulus that is most important: block out other stimulus

37
Q

therapy for selective attention

A

find a quiet place/ sanitize the environment

38
Q

sustained attention

A

ability to continue an activity over time

39
Q

what makes sustained attention harder?

A

when its not interesting or meaningful

and you are fatigued

40
Q

therapy for sustained attention?

A

meaningful fun engagement and if fatiguing you need to have fun bursts of a break

41
Q

goal directed behavior loop is located where?

A

the first one so at the hairline

lat prefrontal on the pic

42
Q

divergent thinking occurs at what loop

A

goal directed behavior loop

43
Q

what is divergent thinking?

A

if one of our planned steps doesn’t work out – we have a plan to do something else

44
Q

dx of divergent thinking looks like?

A

a “one track” mind

- can only do one thing

45
Q

dx in the goal directed loop looks like:

A

trouble w/ goal setting and steps to do that goal

more ideational dx

46
Q

goal direct behavior loop looks focuses on

A

figuring out what you want to do

steps needed to get to that goal

47
Q

the emotional loop goes where?

A

the forehead
medial prefrontal on the pic
the second one

48
Q

the emotional loop focuses on

A

generating

perceiving

49
Q

fx of the emotional lop

A
  1. motivation
    2 integrate emotions with facial response
  2. helps us make predications
  3. reward seeking behavior
50
Q

emotional loop communicates with

A

the primal brain

51
Q

the emotional loop has what NT

A

dopamine

52
Q

dopamine affects what loop?

A

the emotional loop since its the reward seeking loop

53
Q

emotional liability is

A

abrupt mood swings

involuntary inappropriate emotional response

54
Q

emotions are crucial for

A

sound judgements

55
Q

somatic -maneuver hypothesis is

A

that you primal brain communicates with your working rationale brain and it gives you non conscious evaluation of a situation
and influences action

56
Q

somatic-marker hypothesis short hand is

A

a gut feeling about something

57
Q

social behavior loop is located where?

A

the third one so
the eyebrow area
ventral prefontal on pic

58
Q

fx of the social loop

A
  1. guides behavior
  2. inhibits undesirable acitivity
    3 elict autonomic activity
59
Q

things that the social loop helps us with

A

recognizes social disapproval
regulates self control
selects relevant form irreleveant

60
Q

dx to what structures affects the somatic marker

A

orbitofrontal cortex

61
Q

dx to ortitofrontal cortex may

A

reduce control over undesirable behaviors

62
Q

somatic marker provides link betwen

A

amygdala (threat sensor)

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (rational)

63
Q

dorsolateral prefrontal cortex does what?

A

raional, planning, goal-oriented

64
Q

amygdala does what?

A

emotional
impulsive
immediate gratification

65
Q

rational part is

A

action
selection system
(“social)

66
Q

impulsive immediate part is

A

rewards seeking system (primal)

67
Q

when you have dx to the ventral prefrontal

A
  • disinhibition
  • lack of concern about consequences
  • impulsiveness
  • inappropriate behaviors
  • emotional liability
68
Q

when you have dx to the ventral prefrontal you also dx the

A

somatic marker

69
Q

the somatic nervous system –

A

increases muscle tension

70
Q

autonomic nervous system

A

shunts blood from skin & gut to muscles

71
Q

endocrine system (adrenal medulla)

A

epinephrine enhances cardiac fx, relaxes intestines, increases metabolic rate

Neuroscience (29 decks)

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