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Neuroscience > 18 JULY : EXAM 4 > Flashcards

18 JULY : EXAM 4 Flashcards

1
Q

list in order the level of consciousness:

A 
coma 
vegetative 
minimally conscious state 
stupor / obtunded 
delirum 
(add syncope)
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2
Q

syncope is

A

fainting

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3
Q

delirium is

A

more about cognition than consciousness

more fully awake but not processing correctly (loopy)

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4
Q

stupor / obtuned:

A

level of interaction diminished
ie: us in class:
fade sleepy

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5
Q

minimally conscious state:

A

min interaction with the environment

has a sleep-wake cycle

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6
Q

vegetative:

A

has sleep-wake cycle

no interaction

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7
Q

coma:

A

no sleep-wake

no interaction with the environment

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8
Q

a brainstem tumor means you have

A

an increase in intracranial pressure

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9
Q

list 3 major signs and symptoms of brainstem tumors:

A

nausea
vomiting
headache

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10
Q

why do we get vomiting from a brainstem tumor:

A

so some nerves become active when they “fall asleep” ischemic - whatever is happening to our bodies we don’t like so your body tries to get rid of it: induce vomiting

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11
Q

your visual field do three things for you?

A
  1. sight
  2. eye movement
  3. postural and limb movement
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12
Q

sight has two things involved in it

A

recognition and location of objects

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13
Q

4 cranial nerves go into sight what are they

A

optic
oculomotor
abducens
trochlear

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14
Q

the two retina in the eye are:

A

nasal and temporal

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15
Q

the nasal bone is near the

A

nose bone so on the inside

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16
Q

the temporal bone is near the

A

temporal bone so on the outside

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17
Q

the retina is determined by:

A

what bones they are at

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18
Q

the nasal retina picks up the

A

temporal visual field

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19
Q

the temporal visual field picks up the

A

nasal visual field

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20
Q

what does the optic nerve do for sight

A

turns APs of light into visual acuity

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21
Q

oculomotor does two things

A

parasympathetic control of sight

moves the eye around

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22
Q

the lenses of the eye is a

A

inverted phrism

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23
Q

fx of the retina ganglia cells:

A

convert APs from light goes form retina to the occipital lobe

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24
Q

six parts of the eye X

A 
optic nerve 
optic chiasm 
optic tract 
geniculate nucleus 
pretectal area 
visual cortex
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25
Q

chiasm does what

A

the sight of the “crossing”

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26
Q

all the information of the visual field does what

A

cross overs to the other side for processing

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27
Q

sight information goes where?

A

cerebral cortex

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28
Q

sight goes where so has to pass through where?

A

the cerebral cortex

passes through the thalamus (lat geniculate nucleus)

29
Q

where does sight end?

A

the cerebral cortex of the occipital lobe

30
Q

there are two streams:

A

dorsal and ventral

31
Q

the goal of crossing over

A

get all of the axons for the opposite visual field is on one side of the body

32
Q

fx of the superior colliculus

A

turns head towards the sight

33
Q

the two streams come from where?

A

the primary and secondary visual cortex

34
Q

the dorsal stream fx is

A

use what I see to create a visual plan to move

35
Q

the ventral stream fx is

A

for perception

gives name and meaning to what you see

36
Q

dorsal stream ends in the

A

motor planning area

37
Q

ventral stream ends in the

A

inf. temporal lobe

38
Q

blindness in one eye affects

A

the optic nerve

39
Q

bitemporal hemianospia affects the

A

nasal retina dx

40
Q

homoymous hemianopsia affects the

A

optic tract

41
Q

quadrantanopsia affects the

A

optic radiations

42
Q

when you are blind in one eye a major deficit is

A

loss in depth perception

43
Q

ie of bilateral hemianospia:

A

tunnel vision

44
Q

ie of hommonymous hemianopsia

A

unilateral neglect

45
Q

ie of quadrantanopsia:

A

pie on the floor

46
Q

processing of visual information involves what structures

A

retina –> thalamus–> visual cortex

  • action
  • visual identification of object
47
Q

if you were to dx your optic nerve you would get

A

unilateral blindness

48
Q

if you were to dx your optic tract you would get

A

homonymous hemianposia

49
Q

if you were to dx your nasal retina you would get

A

bitemporal hemianposia

50
Q

if you were to dx your optic radiations you would get

A

quadrantanopsia

51
Q

if you were blind you could still see

A

light / dark differences “shapes”

52
Q

tectum fx

A

orient head

53
Q

pretectal areas include

A

the pupillary reflexes

- when you shine light eyes automatically respond w/ decrease in pupil

54
Q

pupillary light reflex df

A

when you shine to light your eyes automatically respond with decreased pupil size

55
Q

what structures affect the pupillary light reflex?

A

the pretectal areas

56
Q

parasympathetic effect on eyes

A

constriction of the pupils

increase the curvature of the lens

57
Q

three things in the accommodation reflex:

A

pupils constrict
eyes convergence
lens more convex

mr potato head theory

58
Q

the extraocular muscles are controlled by

A

CN, III, IV, VI

59
Q

medial longitudinal fascicules fx:

A

connects CH, II, IV, VI together on both sides of the brainstem
- a wiring bundle + inner ear

60
Q

the nickname for the medial longitudinal fascicules are:

A

a wiring bundle + inner ear

61
Q

diplopia is

A

double vision

62
Q

in misalignment there are two phases:

A

acute and chronic

63
Q

in the acute misalignment phase, you get

A

diplopia

64
Q

diplopia in the acute misalignment phase does what?

A

double vision which initially reduces visual acuity?

65
Q

in the chronic misalignment phase, you get

A

suppressed vision from 1 eye :

66
Q

suppressed vision in one eye causes what

A

loss of depth perception

67
Q

why is there an increase in curvature for the parasympathetic

A

the parasympathetic lens bends to keep objects in focus

- makes bigger w/ constriction

68
Q

what are the two parts of the pupillary light reflex:

A

direct - eye you shine light in

consenual - ‘along with’ eye w/o light

Neuroscience (29 decks)

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